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Lucca, city, Toscana (Tuscany) regione, north-central Italy. It lies in the valley of the Serchio River and is almost surrounded by hills, with the Apuan Alps to the north and west. Lucca was a Ligurian and later an Etruscan town, and the Romans probably established a colony there in 180 bce (mentioned by the Roman historian Livy). The rectangular Roman plan is preserved in Lucca’s central streets, and remains of the walls, forum, and amphitheatre...