Later Shu

The Later Shu was one of the Ten Kingdoms that existed in China between 907 and 960 CE, a period of political disunity following the Tang dynasty. This era, also known as the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, saw northern China ruled by five short-lived dynasties, while ten independent kingdoms, mostly in the south, emerged.12

The Later Shu kingdom (934–965) was situated in southwestern China, in the region of modern-day Sichuan. While many of these southern kingdoms were relatively stable, none possessed the power to unify the entire country. Despite the political fragmentation, the southern regions, including those of the Ten Kingdoms, experienced significant economic prosperity and cultural development, building upon the legacy of the Tang dynasty. This period saw advancements in agriculture, technology, and trade, contributing to a flourishing economy. The cultural legacy of the Tang dynasty found fertile ground in these southern kingdoms, with notable developments in poetry and pottery.12