How did Vijayanagar rule affect administration in Tamil Nadu?

During the 300 years of Vijayanagar rule in Tamil Nadu, the administration underwent significant changes characterized by the introduction of Telugu-speaking governors and officials.1

The empire implemented the nayankara system, a form of military feudalism where prominent commanders were granted land and privileged status, becoming Nayakas or local governors. While this system functioned effectively when central authority was strong, it eventually allowed these local lords to establish semi-independent hereditary holdings as imperial power waned.23

Administratively, the empire relied on these provincial governors to manage the collection of taxes and the raising of troops. Temples and monastic organizations (mathas) also emerged as vital political arenas, often functioning in close connection with the Nayaka chieftaincies. Despite efforts by Vijayanagar rulers to maintain control by appointing royal family members to key provinces, the region saw a persistent trend toward decentralization, particularly as the Nayakas of Madura, Thanjavur, and Jinji asserted their independence.23