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How did Aquincum develop from a Celtic settlement into a Roman city?

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central Budapest — Budapest Central Budapest, looking north along the Danube River, with the Parliament Building on the east bank.

The site of Aquincum was originally a settlement established by the Celtic Eravisci people, who named it Ak-ink (meaning "Abundant Water") due to the area's thermal springs.12

The transition to a Roman city began in the late 1st century CE when the Romans established a military camp at the location. This site was strategically advantageous due to its fertile flatlands, the ease of crossing the Danube River, and its position along a vital road connecting imperial fortresses. The presence of the military camp attracted a civilian population, and the town's importance grew significantly in 106 CE when Emperor Trajan designated it the capital of the province of Pannonia Inferior.12

Aquincum continued to develop through administrative upgrades, receiving the status of a municipium in 124 CE and a full colony in 194 CE. The city expanded with public infrastructure, including an amphitheatre and an aqueduct, eventually becoming a thriving urban center before its decline during the great migrations.12