Gordyene

…where Tigranes’ capital was located; Gordyene and Zabdicene (near modern Çölemerik in eastern Turkey), located to the east of Sophene; and Osroene, with its capital Edessa (modern Urfa, Turkey), which lay inside the Roman sphere of influence. Rule over so many small kingdoms gave Mithradates II the title “King of…

…the Parthian vassal states of Gordyene and Osroëne. Before Phraates could take any action, he was murdered by his two sons, Orodes II and Mithradates III.

…to Phraates’ protestations by occupying Gordyene, a vassal state of the Parthians, and addressed Phraates with the simple title “king.” Pompey did not trouble himself over entering into direct relations with the sovereigns of Media and Elymais, vassals of Phraates. The position taken by the Romans toward the king of…