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Goolwa, town, southeastern South Australia, near the mouth of the Murray River, 40 miles (65 km) southeast of Adelaide. It is located on the Goolwa Channel, which is crossed by a barrage (1939) to prevent tidal inflow and to control water draining from the estuarine Lake Alexandrina to the sea. Once (1836) considered as a possible site for the state capital, it had by the 1850s become an important river port, with large shipbuilding and...