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Gale crater is a large impact basin on Mars, located at a low elevation that would have allowed water to pool there if it ever existed on the planet's surface. The crater's central mountain, Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp), is composed of layered sedimentary rock, offering a record of Mars' geological history. The Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, landed in Gale crater in 2012 and found evidence of ancient streams, suggesting that the crater was once the floor of a stream. Curiosity also discovered organic molecules preserved in rock layers dating back 3.5 billion years, indicating that early Mars could have supported life.1

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