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Chillicothe, city, seat (1798) of Ross county, south-central Ohio, U.S. The city lies along the Scioto River and Paint Creek, about 45 miles (72 km) south of Columbus. It is overlooked (northeast) by Mount Logan, which is depicted on the official state seal. It was first settled (1796) by Virginians led by Nathaniel Massie, and its name was derived from a Shawnee word meaning “principal town.” Chillicothe served as capital of the Northwest Territory (1800–03),...