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Central America
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Map of Central America showing country borders, capital cities, major lakes, and the Panama Canal, with shaded relief indicating elevation changes across the region. Volcanic landscape in Central America: Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica Coastal ecosystems in Central America: Mangroves, Roatán, Honduras Plant and animal life in Central America
Learn how deforestation in Central American countries like Belize gives way to erosion and poverty
Iglesia La Merced (The Merced Church) in Granada, Nicaragua Indigenous populations in Central America Ancient Maya city of Tikal in Guatemala Temple II, also known as the Temple of the Masks, rises in stepped stone tiers with a central staircase at the Great Plaza in Tikal, Guatemala, surrounded by trees and grass. Mayan pyramid, Chichén Itzá, Mexico
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Learn how deforestation in Central American countries like Belize gives way to erosion and poverty
In Belize and elsewhere in Central America, deforestation has caused serious problems.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Examine Central America's reliance on plantation cultivation of warm-weather crops like coffee and sugarcane
Harvesting grain in Central America, where most large-scale agriculture is based...
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

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Central America
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Volcanic landscape in Central America: Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica
Arenal Volcano in northwestern Costa Rica was once one of the most active volcanoes...
© Tony Northrup/Dreamstime.com
Coastal ecosystems in Central America: Mangroves, Roatán, Honduras
Mangrove forests along the coast of Roatán, Honduras, are part of Central America's...
© Thomas Lozinski/Dreamstime.com
Plant and animal life in Central America
Composite image of plant and animal life in Costa Rica, including palm trees, a jaguar,...
© Diana/stock.adobe.com, © Ondrej Prosicky/Dreamstime.com, © pchoui—iStock/Getty Images Plus, © Kryssia Campos—Moment/Getty Images; Photo composite Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Iglesia La Merced (The Merced Church) in Granada, Nicaragua
Roman Catholicism has historically been the dominant religion in Central America,...
© Sl Photography/Dreamstime.com
Indigenous populations in Central America
Indigenous peoples make up a significant portion of the population of Central America...
© Tati Nova photo Mexico/Shutterstock.com
Ancient Maya city of Tikal in Guatemala
Ruins of the ancient Maya city of Tikal in northern Guatemala, a major ceremonial...
© Gudmund/Shutterstock.com
Mayan temple
Mayan temple at Tikal in present-day Guatemala.
© Hugoht/Dreamstime.com
Mayan pyramid, Chichén Itzá, Mexico
Mayan pyramid at Chichén Itzá, Mexico.
© diegograndi—iStock/Getty Images
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
Vasco Núñez de Balboa.
Frederick A. Ober
William Walker
William Walker.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Central America, c. 1900
Map of Central America (c. 1900), from the 10th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Smoke from Central American forest fires drifting...
Goddard Space Flight Center/NASA
Spanish viceroyalties and Portuguese territories in the Americas, 1780
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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