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Bathurst, city, east-central New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the south bank of the Macquarie River, west of the Blue Mountains. The city was founded in 1815 and named for Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst, then secretary for war and the colonies, and it is the oldest settlement west of the Great Dividing Range. Initially its growth was slow, but the population increased rapidly following the announcement of the discovery of gold in the...