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Basque Country
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A rocky outcrop rises from green hills in the Pyrenees, with a small church visible at the lower right and misty mountains in the background. Sandy beach with jagged rock formations extending into the sea, backed by steep cliffs near Zumaia in the Basque Country of northern Spain. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao features curving, metallic walls and abstract shapes beside a river, with people walking along the promenade in front. Vitoria-Gasteiz Map highlighting the Basque Country region in northern Spain in orange, located near the Bay of Biscay and the border with France. Surrounding countries including Portugal, France, Andorra, and Morocco are labeled, with Spain shown in light gray. A small inset in the top left corner shows the region's location within Europe. ETA Extent of the Basque language area
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A rocky outcrop rises from green hills in the Pyrenees, with a small church visible at the lower right and misty mountains in the background.
Pyrenees, Basque Country Rocky outcrop and church (lower right) in the Pyrenees, Basque Country.

Basque Country

region, Spain
Also known as: Basque Euskadi, Euskal Herria, Euskardi, País Vasco(Show More)
Written by
Vicente Rodriguez
Research Scientist, Instituto de Economía y Geografía, Madrid, Spain. Co-author of Northern Europeans and the Mediterranean: A New California or a New Florida?; Southern Europe and the New Migrations...
Vicente Rodriguez
Fact-checked by
Britannica Editors
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....
Britannica Editors
Last updated
•History

Basque Country, comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) and historic region of northern Spain encompassing the provincias (provinces) of Álava, Guipúzcoa, and Vizcaya (Biscay). The Basque Country is bounded by the Bay of Biscay to the north and the autonomous communities of Navarra to the east, La Rioja to the south, and Cantabria to the west. The Pyrenees Mountains separate the region from the Basque Country of France to the northeast; however, the ethnically similar autonomous community...

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