At a Glance
Athens: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- Great Dionysia
- Greek pottery
- potteryPeriod of Oriental influence (c. 725âc. 600 bce)
- Western sculptureHigh Classical period (c. 450â400 bce)
- epigraphyAncient Greece
- epigraphyThe dating of historical events
- Eleusis
- Antigonus II Gonatas
- chronologyGreek
- SocratesReligious scandal and the coup of the oligarchs
- Battle of Chaeronea
- phyle
- Antigonus I MonophthalmusActivities in Greece
- Ecclesia
- Delian League
- GreeceAthens, Thebes, and Corinth
- metic
- AnatoliaThe Anatolian Greeks in the Achaemenian period
- Attica
- IstanbulByzantium
- Greco-Persian WarsThe Persian attack and the Battle of Marathon (490 bce)
- ancient IranDarius I
- ancient Greek civilizationAthens of ancient Greek civilization
- Lamian War
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Additional Reading
History and antiquities
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Book I, a description of Athens by the traveller Pausanias (2nd century ad), contains much of interest; among the best English translations of this work are the volume, with brief commentary, by Peter Levi, Guide to Greece, 2 vol. (1971); and the classic translation, with commentary, by J.G. Frazer, Pausaniasâ Description of Greece, 6 vol. (1898). Other works include T.B.L. Webster, Everyday Life in Classical Athens (1969), on the Athenian at home and in public, Art and Literature in Fourth Century Athens (1956), on the cultural life of the city when it was the intellectual capital of the world, and Athenian Culture and Society (1973), an overview for the general reader; Erika Simon, Festivals of Attica: An Archaeological Commentary (1983), an important study of origins; Richard E. Wycherley, The Stones of Athens (1978), a survey of the architecture; Angelo Procopiou, Athens, City of the Gods: From Prehistory to 338 bc (1964), richly illustrated; Gerhart Rodenwaldt, Acropolis (1957; 5th German ed., 1956); Homer A. Thompson and R.E. Wycherley, The Agora of Athens (1972), two detailed and learned expositions of classical Athensâ important sites, with many illustrations; Susan I. Rotroff, Hellenistic Pottery: Athenian and Imported Moldmade Bowls (1982); and Martin HĂŒrlimann, Athens (1956; German ed., 1956), chiefly photographic, with introductory text by Rex Warner and detailed historical notes accompanying the pictures.
For the specialist
A.W. Pickard-Cambridge, Theatre of Dionysus in Athens (1946, reissued 1973), a thorough study of the theatre and its various uses; Humfry Payne and Gerard Young, Archaic Marble Sculpture from the Acropolis (1950), a scholarly photographic catalog chiefly for the archaeologist and art historian; and Jon D. Mikalson, Athenian Popular Religion (1983), an argument and theory based solely on forensic evidence.
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
- Blake Ehrlich
-
Eugene Vanderpool
Professor of Archaeology, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1949â71.
-
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modified link of Web site: HistoryWorld - History of Athens. | Feb 19, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: The University of Texas at Austin - Infomation Technology Services - Euboea and Athens (PDF). | Feb 21, 2025 | ||
| Cross-reference added. | Jun 09, 2023 | ||
| Links added. | Mar 07, 2023 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Jan 28, 2021 | ||
| Rearranged media. | Nov 19, 2019 | ||
| Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Athens, Greece. | Aug 17, 2018 | ||
| In the Character of the city and Transportation and shipping sections, noted changes to city's infrastructure made for the 2004 Olympic Games, and in The Acropolis section, described the New Acropolis Museum. | Jan 11, 2018 | ||
| In the History section, added a description of developments in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. | Jan 11, 2018 | ||
| Media added. | May 02, 2016 | ||
| Replaced photographs. | Aug 07, 2015 | ||
| Added video. | Nov 26, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: In2Greece - Athens, Greece. | Mar 06, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Maps of World - Athens, Greece. | Jan 24, 2013 | ||
| Changed "Otho" to "Otto" and "Othonian" to "Ottonian." | Nov 06, 2012 | ||
| Added new Web site: National Geographic - Travel and Cultures - Athens. | Apr 16, 2009 | ||
| Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Geography - Geography of Athens-Greece. | Jul 15, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: ThinkQuest - History of Athens. | Apr 16, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Ancient Greece - History of Athens. | Apr 16, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Jewish Virtual Library - Athens, Greece. | Apr 11, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: HistoryWorld - History of Athens. | Apr 01, 2008 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Feb 08, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Bernard Suzanne - Athens. | Sep 14, 2007 | ||
| Media added. | May 04, 2007 | ||
| Article revised. | Nov 26, 2003 | ||
| Article revised. | Nov 10, 2000 | ||
| Article revised. | Jan 12, 2000 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |
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