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Warsaw Pact
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Map of Europe in 1960 during the Cold War, showing countries color-coded by political alignment: NATO members in green across Western Europe, Warsaw Pact countries in orange in Eastern Europe, and non-aligned nations in beige. The Soviet Union and its allies are grouped to the east, while Western European countries are aligned with the United States. Soviet invasion of Prague Suppression of the Prague Spring, 1968 World map highlighting NATO member countries in dark blue, Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council countries in light blue, NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue partners in purple, Istanbul Cooperation Initiative partners in pink, and global partners in teal. Brussels, Belgium, is marked as NATO headquarters. A timeline below the map shows the years each member joined NATO from 1949 to 2024.
At a Glance
Wreckage of the U-2 spy plane shot down inside the Soviet Union in 1960. U-2 spy plane incident, U-2 affair, Cold War.
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Thermonuclear hydrogen bomb, code-named MIKE, detonated in the Marshall Islands in the fall of 1952. Photo taken at a height of 12,000 feet, 50 miles from the detonation site. (Photo 3 of a series of 8) Atomic bomb explosion nuclear energy hydrogen energy
Facts You Should Know: The Cold War Quiz
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Warsaw Pact: Media

Europe [1955–1991]
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Images

NATO and the Warsaw Pact
During the Cold War most of western Europe was aligned with the United States through...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Soviet invasion of Prague
Czechoslovaks confronting Soviet troops in Prague, August 21, 1968. Soviet forces...
Libor Hajsky—CTK/AP Images
Suppression of the Prague Spring, 1968
Soviet troops entering Prague in August 1968 to suppress the Prague Spring reform...
© Shutterstock.com
North Atlantic Treaty Organization: members and partners
Map and timeline of the member countries and partner countries of the North Atlantic...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc./Kenny Chmielewski
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