United States presidential election of 2004: References & Edit History

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Michael Levy
    Michael Levy was political science editor (2000-06), executive editor (2006-11), editor of Britannica Blog (2010-11), and director of product content & curriculum (2011-12) at Encyclopaedia Britannica. He subsequently became director of content for Elevate, a brain-training app for mobile devices.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Added cross-reference to “October surprise.” Jul 13, 2026
Modified link of Web site: Brookings - Campaigning and Governing: The 2004 Elections and Their Aftermath. May 14, 2026
Add new Web site: Brookings - Campaigning and Governing: The 2004 Elections and Their Aftermath. Mar 16, 2026
Anniversary information added. Oct 26, 2025
Add new Web site: Social Science LibreTexts - George W. Bush Reelected in 2004. Oct 06, 2025
Add new Web site: American Academy of Arts and Sciences - On the 2004 presidential election. Aug 14, 2025
Add new Web site: Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School - Crisis, Charisma and Consequences: Evidence from the 2004 US Presidential ElectionPresidential Election (PDF). Jun 02, 2025
Add new Web site: University at Buffalo - The Presidential Election of 2004: The Fundamentals and the Campaign (PDF). Jan 13, 2025
Add new Web site: Digital Commons at Illinois Wesleyan University - The 2004 Presidential Election: Did Voters Bring Their Pocketbooks to the Polls?Pocketbooks to the Polls? Oct 30, 2024
Added interactive map for the 2004 election. May 31, 2024
Add new Web site: GlobalSecurity.org - 2004 Presidential Election. Dec 15, 2022
Add new Web site: United States History - Election of 2004. Sep 20, 2018
Add new Web site: Fact Monster - World - United States presidential election of 2004. Aug 26, 2011
New article added. Oct 23, 2009
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