Trail of Tears: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- American frontierFrom Plymouth Rock to the Trail of Tears
- Five Civilized Tribes
- Indian Removal Act
- Manifest DestinyA history of expansion
- Native AmericanRemoval of the eastern nations
- Indigenous peoples of the American SoutheastThe early 19th century: forced removal
- John Ross
- Trail of TearsRoutes, Statistics, and Notable Events
- Worcester v. Georgia
Additional Reading
Reviews of the causes and effects of Indian removal include David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Indian Removal (2007); and Ronald N. Satz, American Indian Policy in the Jacksonian Era (2002). Theda Perdue and Michael D. Green, The Cherokee Nation and the Trail of Tears (2007), provides a case study of the experiences of a Southeast Indian nation; while Laurence M. Hauptman and L. Gordon McLester III (eds.), The Oneida Indian Journey: From New York to Wisconsin, 1784β1860 (1999), provides an example from the Northeast nations. Vicki Rozema (ed.), Voices from the Trail of Tears (2003), relates eyewitness accounts of the journey, gleaned from newspapers and other sources. Photographs of parts of the trail can be found in David G. Fitzgerald and Duane H. King, The Cherokee Trail of Tears (2007).
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
- Elizabeth Prine Pauls
-
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
Other Contributors
- Diane Glancy
- Abbey Graham
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modified link of Web site: National Park Service - What Happened on the Trail of Tears? | Aug 01, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: University of Miami School of Law - Institutional Repository - Subaltern Voices In The Trail Of Tears: Cognition And Resistance Of The Cherokee Nation To Removal In Building American Empire (PDF). | Jan 23, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: DigitalCommons at USU - Revisiting the Trail of Tears: Tribal Control and Environmental Justice (PDF). | Jun 19, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: BBC Sounds - From the Mayflower to the Moon (and Back Again) - The Trail of Tears. | Apr 22, 2025 | ||
| Questions and answers added. | Mar 19, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Endowment for the Humanities - Trails of Tears, Plural: What We Don?t Know About Indian Removal. | Sep 10, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: HistoryNet - The Trail of Tears: Andrew Jackson and the Indian Removal Act. | May 28, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: UShistory.org - The Trail of Tears οΏ½ The Indian Removals. | Mar 04, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Bill of Rights Institute - The Trail of Tears. | Jun 20, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: GlobalSecurity.org - Trail of Tears. | Oct 06, 2022 | ||
| Removed the redundant reference to Muskogee (Creek) people. |
|
Apr 05, 2017 | |
| Add new Web site: Smithsonian Channel - How the Brutal Trail of Tears Got Its Name. | Feb 22, 2017 | ||
| Replaced map with a more detailed infographic. | Jan 18, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: Mr.Nussbaum - Trail of Tears. | Dec 21, 2016 | ||
| Information on the composition of the Indian nations that took the Trail of Tears added, and other changes made. | Apr 29, 2015 | ||
| Add new Web site: CALS Encyclopedia of Arkansas - Trail of Tears. | May 16, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: Oklahoma Historical Society - Trail of Tears. | May 16, 2014 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 05, 2009 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 16, 2008 | ||
| Bibliography revised. | Jan 16, 2008 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 16, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Spartacus Educational - Trail of Tears. | May 17, 2006 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |