Second Balkan War

The Second Balkan War, fought in 1913, was a conflict between Bulgaria and its former allies, Serbia and Greece. This war erupted due to disagreements over the division of territory gained from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War.1

Bulgaria initiated hostilities by attacking Serbian and Greek forces in Macedonia. While initially successful due to surprise, Bulgaria was ultimately defeated by the combined efforts of Serbia, Greece, and Romania, which joined the conflict against Bulgaria. The war concluded with the Treaty of Bucharest on August 10, 1913. Under this treaty, Bulgaria received a small portion of Macedonia and a strip of Aegean coastline. Serbia gained northern and central Macedonia, Greece acquired southern Macedonia, and Romania was granted southern Dobruja. The war significantly altered the political landscape of the Balkans and contributed to rising tensions that would later play a role in World War I.12