Medicine, THY-ZOL

Humans have long sought to find cures for the ailments and injuries that befall them. This has led to a long history of diverse attempted treatments, including herbal remedies, leeching, hydrotherapy, acupuncture, homeopathy, and more, all the way up to the most recent science-based treatments that have come into use during the development of today's modern medicine. Medical research and the study of the causes of disease have led to rapid and significant advances in medicine, improving both the efficacy of treatments and our understanding of illnesses and how they operate. The importance of preventive medicine has grown, and the field of medicine has become increasingly specialized as medical disciplines and branches such as endocrinology, immunology, psychiatry, radiology, epidemiology, and nanomedicine have emerged.
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Medicine Encyclopedia Articles By Title

thymol turbidity
thymol turbidity, laboratory test for the nonspecific measurement of globulins, a group of blood proteins that......
thyroid function test
thyroid function test, any laboratory procedure that assesses the production of the two active thyroid hormones,......
tirzepatide
tirzepatide, synthetic antidiabetic drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Tirzepatide is the first drug......
tissue engineering
tissue engineering, scientific field concerned with the development of biological substitutes capable of replacing......
Today in History—April 12: The Press Conference That Ended Polio
On this day in 1955, Thomas Francis, Jr., director of the Poliomyelitis Vaccine Evaluation Center at the University......
Today in History—April 25: Dr. Freud’s First Private Practice Opens
“Dr. Sigmund Freud, docent for nervous diseases at the university, has returned from his study trip to Paris and......
Today in History—December 28: Don’t Call Her a “Test-Tube Baby”
At 7:46 am on this day in 1981, history was born. Her name was Elizabeth Jordan Carr, and she was the first American......
Today in History—July 27: When and Where the World’s First Quarantine Began
Every generation remembers its first plague: Ours is 2020 and COVID-19. But for the citizens of Ragusa—the Adriatic......
Today in History—June 15: The First Blood Transfusion
On this day in 1667, a French physician attempted something no one had ever done before: a blood transfusion. Specifically,......
Today in History—March 24: The Lecture That Unraveled the Mystery of Tuberculosis
On this day in 1882, German physician Robert Koch gave a lecture at the monthly meeting of the Berlin Physiological......
Today in History—May 8: The End of Smallpox
On this day in 1980, the world reached a milestone few had ever thought possible: Smallpox was eradicated. This......
Today in History—October 15: Putting the Power of Birth Control in a Pill
On October 15, 1951, Luis E. Miramontes, a chemist working in Mexico City at the pharmaceutical company Syntex,......
Today in History—September 3: Alexander Fleming Finds Penicillin
On this day in 1928, Alexander Fleming returned home to London from a lengthy family vacation at his country house......
Tommy John surgery
Tommy John surgery, surgery performed to repair the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) on the medial side of the elbow......
tomography
tomography, radiologic technique for obtaining clear X-ray images of deep internal structures by focusing on a......
Toxic Substances Control Act
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), a law passed by the Congress of the United States in 1976 that authorizes......
toxicological examination
toxicological examination, medical inspection of an individual who is, or is suspected of being, poisoned. In most......
toxicology
toxicology, study of poisons and their effects, particularly on living systems. Because many substances are known......
toxicology test
toxicology test, any of a group of laboratory analyses that are used to determine the presence of poisons and other......
toxoid
toxoid, bacterial poison (toxin) that is no longer active but retains the property of combining with or stimulating......
tracheotomy
tracheotomy, a procedure in which an incision is made through the front of the neck into the trachea to allow placement......
tranquilizer
tranquilizer, drug that is used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and related states of mental disturbance.......
transcranial magnetic stimulation
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), technique based on electromagnetic induction that is used to stimulate......
transfer factor
transfer factor, small polypeptide that is produced by a type of white blood cell called a T cell and that when......
translational medicine
translational medicine, area of research that aims to improve human health and longevity by determining the relevance......
transplant
transplant, in medicine, a section of tissue or a complete organ that is removed from its original natural site......
trazodone
trazodone, drug used to treat depression and to induce sedation in persons with certain anxiety disorders and sleep......
trepanning
trepanning, one of the oldest known surgical procedures, involving the deliberate drilling or scraping of a hole......
triage
triage, Division of patients for priority of care, usually into three categories: those who will not survive even......
tropical disease
tropical disease, any disease that is indigenous to tropical or subtropical areas of the world or that occurs principally......
tropical medicine
tropical medicine, medical science applied to diseases that occur primarily in countries with tropical or subtropical......
tube feeding
tube feeding, method of delivering nutrients directly into the stomach or small intestine through a flexible tube.......
tuberculin test
tuberculin test, procedure for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection by the introduction into the skin, usually......
Tuskegee syphilis study
Tuskegee syphilis study, U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) study conducted from 1932 to 1972 in Macon county, Alabama,......
Tylenol
...
ultrasound
ultrasound, in medicine, the use of high-frequency sound (ultrasonic) waves to produce images of structures within......
Unani medicine
Unani medicine, a traditional system of healing and health maintenance observed in South Asia. The origins of Unani......
United Nations Foundation
United Nations Foundation, public charity created in 1998 to assist the United Nations (UN) and its humanitarian......
urinalysis
urinalysis, laboratory examination of a sample of urine to obtain clinical information. Most of the substances......
urography
urography, X-ray examination of any part of the urinary tract after introduction of a radiopaque substance (often......
urology
urology, medical specialty involving the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the urinary tract......
uroscopy
uroscopy, medical examination of the urine in order to facilitate the diagnosis of a disease or disorder. Examining......
vaccine
vaccine, suspension of weakened, killed, or fragmented microorganisms or toxins or other biological preparation,......
Vaccine Mandates: A Timeline
Vaccine mandates have been part of public health for more than two centuries, beginning with efforts to control......
Valium
Valium, trade name of a tranquilizer drug introduced by the pharmaceutical company Hoffmann-La Roche in 1963. Safer......
variolation
variolation, historical method of immunizing healthy individuals against smallpox by infecting them with substance......
vasectomy
vasectomy, severing of the vas deferens in the male reproductive tract to bring about sterility or to prevent infection.......
ventricular assist device
ventricular assist device (VAD), machine designed to facilitate the pumping of blood from the ventricles (lower......
veterinary medicine
veterinary medicine, medical specialty concerned with the prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases......
Viagra
Viagra, trade name of the first oral drug for male impotence, introduced by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer,......
viral vector
viral vector, in molecular biology, a tool used to deliver genetic material to cells. Viruses are useful delivery......
vital sign
vital sign, any of certain basic physiologic measures used in the initial clinical assessment of a patient during......
vitamin
vitamin, any of several organic substances that are necessary in small quantities for normal health and growth......
W.K. Kellogg Foundation
W.K. Kellogg Foundation, U.S. philanthropic organization that funds community-based approaches to improving health......
warfarin
warfarin, anticoagulant drug, marketed as Coumadin. Originally developed to treat thromboembolism (see thrombosis),......
Warner-Lambert Company
Warner-Lambert Company, former diversified American corporation that manufactured products ranging from pharmaceuticals......
What Are the Biological Effects of Marijuana Use?
The biological effects of marijuana vary, depending on the strength and amount consumed and depending on how and......
What Does SPF Mean?
Sun protection factor, or SPF, is a measure of a sunscreen’s ability to protect the skin from ultraviolet B (UVB)......
What Is Astatine Used For?
Astatine (At) has no established industrial, commercial, or household uses, because of its extreme scarcity and......
What Is the Difference Between Hemp and Marijuana?
Hemp and marijuana plants are usually understood to be varieties of the same species, Cannabis sativa, though some......
What Is the Most Potent Opioid?
The most potent opioid is generally considered to be carfentanil, which is used in veterinary medicine, primarily......
What Is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Endangerment Finding?
In everyday usage endanger is a loaded word that evokes images of people being exposed to disease, workers at risk......
What Was Life Like Before We Knew About Germs?
“It was the summer of 1880. It was August. It stank to high heaven. The sewers had been uncorked, and all the filth......
What Was the Science Behind Medical Bloodletting?
“The body of man has in itself blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile,” begins a text attributed to the ancient......
What’s the Difference Between Opioids and Opiates?
An opiate is an opioid, but an opioid is not always an opiate. That’s because opioids and opiates differ primarily......
wheelchair
wheelchair, any seating surface (e.g., a chair) that has wheels affixed to it in order to help an individual move......
wheelchair, electric
electric wheelchair, any seating surface with wheels affixed to it that is propelled by an electrically based power......
wheelchair, history of the
history of the wheelchair, the development over time of wheelchairs. Precisely when the first wheeled chairs were......
When Did Vaccines Become Mandatory for Schools?
The first vaccination requirement to attend school in the United States was introduced in the 1850s in Massachusetts,......
When Were the First GMOs Developed?
While plant breeding and animal breeding have existed for many, many millennia, the ability to create a genetically......
whole genome sequencing
whole genome sequencing, the act of deducing the complete nucleic acid sequence of the genetic code, or genome,......
Why Are Cruise Ships Prone to Outbreaks?
Cruise ships are especially vulnerable to disease outbreaks because they function as densely populated floating......
Why are mice used in medical research?
Mice are used in medical research primarily because their genetic makeup bears a strong resemblance to that of......
Why Does Heat Relax Your Muscles?
Exercise is painful. As the cliché goes, “No pain, no gain.” When the body exerts itself, pumping action out of......
Why Does Too Much Caffeine Keep You Awake at Night?
Caffeine is one of the most popular stimulants in the world and is most commonly consumed in coffee. People turn......
Why Is Marijuana Illegal in the U.S.?
Since the late 20th century, there has been a growing movement in the United States to legalize marijuana. In 1996......
World AIDS Day
World AIDS Day, annual observance aimed at raising awareness of AIDS and the spread of HIV. World AIDS Day occurs......
World Cancer Day
World Cancer Day, annual observance held on February 4 that is intended to increase global awareness of cancer.......
World Health Organization
World Health Organization (WHO), specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) established in 1948 to further international......
World Heart Day
World Heart Day, annual observance and celebration held on September 29 that is intended to increase public awareness......
World Malaria Day
World Malaria Day, annual observance held on April 25 to raise awareness of the global effort to control and ultimately......
World TB Day
World TB Day, annual observance held on March 24 that is intended to increase global awareness of tuberculosis.......
xylazine
xylazine, drug used in veterinary medicine to sedate, relieve pain, and induce muscle relaxation in animals. Xylazine......
yangsheng
yangsheng, in Chinese medicine and religion (particularly Daoism), various self-cultivation practices aimed at......
zolpidem
zolpidem, sedative-hypnotic drug used in the treatment of insomnia. Zolpidem decreases the excitability of neurons......

Medicine Encyclopedia Articles By Title