Branches of Biology, GOO-LOE
The field of biology is subdivided into separate branches for convenience of study, though all the subdivisions share basic principles. Biology encompasses fields such as botany, genetics, marine biology, microbiology, molecular biology, and much more.
Branches of Biology Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Good genes hypothesis
Good genes hypothesis, in biology, an explanation which suggests that the traits females choose when selecting......
Goodall, Jane
Jane Goodall was a British ethologist, known for her exceptionally detailed and long-term research on the chimpanzees......
Goode, G. Brown
G. Brown Goode was an American zoologist who directed the scientific reorganization and recataloging of the collection......
Gould, Augustus A.
Augustus A. Gould was a naturalist and physician, pioneer of American conchology (the study of shells), and one......
Gould, John
John Gould was an English ornithologist whose large, lavishly illustrated volumes on birds commanded ever-mounting......
Gould, Stephen Jay
Stephen Jay Gould was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and science writer. Gould graduated from......
Grandin, Temple
Temple Grandin is an American scientist and industrial designer whose own experience with autism funded her professional......
Gray, Asa
Asa Gray was an American botanist whose extensive studies of North American flora did more than the work of any......
Gray, Sir James
Sir James Gray was an English zoologist who played a leading part in changing the main objective of 20th-century......
Greider, Carol W.
Carol W. Greider is an American molecular biologist who was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine,......
Grew, Nehemiah
Nehemiah Grew was an English botanist, physician, and microscopist, who, with the Italian microscopist Marcello......
Griffith, Frederick
Frederick Griffith was a British bacteriologist whose 1928 experiment with bacterium was the first to reveal the......
Gupta, Modadugu
Modadugu Gupta is an Indian scientist, who boosted food yields in impoverished areas with innovative approaches......
Gurdon, John
John Gurdon was a British developmental biologist who was the first to demonstrate that egg cells are able to reprogram......
Haberlandt, Gottlieb
Gottlieb Haberlandt was an Austrian botanist, pioneer in the development of physiological plant anatomy, and the......
Haeckel, Ernst
Ernst Haeckel was a German zoologist and evolutionist who was a strong proponent of Darwinism and who proposed......
Haldane, J.B.S.
J.B.S. Haldane was a British geneticist, biometrician, physiologist, and popularizer of science who opened new......
Hales, Stephen
Stephen Hales was an English botanist, physiologist, and clergyman who pioneered quantitative experimentation in......
Hall, Theodore
Theodore Hall was an American-born physicist and spy who during World War II worked on the Manhattan Project to......
Haller, Albrecht von
Albrecht von Haller was a Swiss biologist, the father of experimental physiology, who made prolific contributions......
Hanna, Jack
Jack Hanna is an American zoologist who served as director of the Columbus (Ohio) Zoo (1978â92) and became a well-known......
Hansen, Emile Christian
Emile Christian Hansen was a Danish botanist who revolutionized the brewing industry by his discovery of a new......
Harper, Robert Almer
Robert Almer Harper was an American biologist who identified the details of reproduction in the development of......
Harrison, Ross Granville
Ross Granville Harrison was an American zoologist who developed the first successful animal-tissue cultures and......
Harvey, E Newton
Edmund Newton Harvey was a U.S. zoologist and physiologist whose work in marine biology contributed to the early......
Hedwig, Johann
Johann Hedwig was a botanist who did more than any other scientist to advance the knowledge of mosses. Hedwig studied......
hematology
hematology, branch of medical science concerned with the nature, function, and diseases of the blood. In the 17th......
Henderson, Richard
Richard Henderson is a Scottish biophysicist and molecular biologist who was the first to successfully produce......
Hennig, Willi
Willi Hennig was a German zoologist recognized as the leading proponent of the cladistic school of phylogenetic......
Hensen, Viktor
Viktor Hensen was a physiologist, developmental and reproductive biologist, and biological oceanographer who first......
Henslow, John Stevens
John Stevens Henslow was a British botanist, clergyman, and geologist who popularized botany at the University......
herpetology
herpetology, scientific study of amphibians and reptiles. Like most other fields of vertebrate biology (e.g., ichthyology,......
Hershey, A.D.
A.D. Hershey was an American biologist who, along with Max DelbrĂŒck and Salvador Luria, won the Nobel Prize for......
Hertwig, Richard von
Richard von Hertwig was a German biologist particularly noted for the development of the germ-layer theory, which......
Hill, John
John Hill was an English writer and botanist who compiled the first book on British flora to be based on the Linnaean......
Hilleman, Maurice
Maurice Hilleman was an American microbiologist and virologist who developed more than 40 vaccines, including those......
histology
histology, branch of biology concerned with the composition and structure of plant and animal tissues in relation......
Hitchcock, Albert Spear
Albert Spear Hitchcock was a U.S. botanist and specialist on the taxonomy of the worldâs grasses who developed......
Hofmeister, Wilhelm
Wilhelm Hofmeister was a German botanist whose investigations of plant structure made him a pioneer in the science......
Hogben, Lancelot Thomas
Lancelot Thomas Hogben was an English zoologist, geneticist, medical statistician, and linguist, known especially......
Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker was an English botanist noted for his botanical travels and studies and for his encouragement......
Hooker, Sir William Jackson
Sir William Jackson Hooker was an English botanist who was the first director of the Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew......
How Botanical Gardens Save Plants with Science
Many people think of botanical gardens as little more than highly landscaped parks. Full of beauty and peace, botanical......
How do plants grow?
Unlike most animals, plants continue to grow throughout their entire life span. Plant growth and plant development......
Hubel, David Hunter
David Hunter Hubel was a Canadian American neurobiologist, corecipient with Torsten Nils Wiesel and Roger Wolcott......
humour
humour, (from Latin âliquid,â or âfluidâ), in early Western physiological theory, one of the four fluids of the......
Hutchinson, G Evelyn
G. Evelyn Hutchinson was an English-born American zoologist known for his ecological studies of freshwater lakes.......
Huxley, Hugh Esmor
Hugh Esmor Huxley was an English molecular biologist whose study (with Jean Hanson) of muscle ultrastructure using......
Huxley, Sir Julian
Sir Julian Huxley was an English biologist, philosopher, educator, and author who greatly influenced the modern......
Huxley, Thomas Henry
Thomas Henry Huxley was an English biologist, educator, and advocate of agnosticism (he coined the word). Huxleyâs......
Hyatt, Alpheus
Alpheus Hyatt was an American zoologist and paleontologist who achieved eminence in the study of invertebrate fossil......
Hyman, Libbie Henrietta
Libbie Henrietta Hyman was a U.S. zoologist and writer particularly noted for her widely used texts and reference......
HĂ©relle, FĂ©lix dâ
FĂ©lix dâ HĂ©relle was a French-Canadian microbiologist generally known as the discoverer of the bacteriophage, a......
ichthyology
ichthyology, scientific study of fishes, including, as is usual with a science that is concerned with a large group......
immunology
immunology, the scientific study of the bodyâs resistance to invasion by other organisms (i.e., immunity). In a......
in vitro fertilization
in vitro fertilization (IVF), medical procedure in which mature egg cells are removed from a woman, fertilized......
inclusive fitness
inclusive fitness, theory in evolutionary biology in which an organismâs genetic success is believed to be derived......
Ivanov, Ilya Ivanovich
Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov was a Soviet biologist who developed a method for artificially inseminating domestic animals.......
Ivanovsky, Dmitry
Dmitry Ivanovsky was a Russian microbiologist who, from his study of mosaic disease in tobacco, first detailed......
Jacob, François
François Jacob was a French biologist who, together with André Lwoff and Jacques Monod, was awarded the 1965 Nobel......
Jaenisch, Rudolf
Rudolf Jaenisch is a German biologist known for his development of the first transgenic animal (an organism that......
Jane Goodall: A Life in Pictures
Jane Goodall, renowned scientist and conservationist, dedicated her life to studying and protecting chimpanzees......
Jeannel, René
René Jeannel was a French biologist best remembered for his work on the subterranean coleopterans of the family......
Jeffrey, Edward Charles
Edward Charles Jeffrey was a Canadian-American botanist who worked on the morphology and phylogeny of vascular......
Jennings, Herbert Spencer
Herbert Spencer Jennings was a U.S. zoologist, one of the first scientists to study the behaviour of individual......
Johannsen, Wilhelm Ludvig
Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen was a Danish botanist and geneticist whose experiments in plant heredity offered strong......
Jones, Lewis Ralph
Lewis Ralph Jones was a U.S. botanist and agricultural biologist, one of the first and most distinguished of American......
Jordan, David Starr
David Starr Jordan was a naturalist, educator, eugenicist, and the foremost American ichthyologist of his time.......
Jussieu, Antoine de
Antoine de Jussieu was a French physician and botanist who wrote many papers on human anatomy, zoology, and botany,......
Jussieu, Antoine-Laurent de
Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu was a French botanist who developed the principles that served as the foundation of......
Jussieu, Bernard de
Bernard de Jussieu was a French botanist who founded a method of plant classification based on the anatomical characters......
Jussieu, Joseph de
Joseph de Jussieu was a French botanist who accompanied the French physicist Charles-Marie de la Condamineâs expedition......
Kaibara Ekken
Kaibara Ekken was a neo-Confucian philosopher, travel writer, and pioneer botanist of the early Tokugawa period......
Kammerer, Paul
Paul Kammerer was an Austrian biologist who claimed to have produced experimental evidence that acquired traits......
Kerr, Sir John Graham
Sir John Graham Kerr was an English embryologist who became known for his study of lungfishes and who greatly advanced......
Kimmerer, Robin Wall
Robin Wall Kimmerer is a mother, writer, and plant ecologist perhaps best known for her book of essays Braiding......
Kinsey, Alfred
Alfred Kinsey was an American zoologist and student of human sexual behaviour. Kinsey, a graduate of Bowdoin College......
Kitasato Shibasaburo
Kitasato Shibasaburo was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist who helped discover a method to prevent tetanus......
Klebs, Edwin
Edwin Klebs was a German physician and bacteriologist noted for his work on the bacterial theory of infection.......
Knight, Thomas Andrew
Thomas Andrew Knight was a British horticulturalist and botanist whose experiments on the adaptive responses of......
Kobilka, Brian K.
Brian K. Kobilka is an American physician and molecular biologist whose research on the structure and function......
Koch, Robert
Robert Koch was a German physician and one of the founders of bacteriology. He discovered the anthrax disease cycle......
Kofoid, Charles Atwood
Charles Atwood Kofoid was an American zoologist whose collection and classification of many new species of marine......
Kölreuter, Josef Gottlieb
Josef Gottlieb Kölreuter was a German botanist who was a pioneer in the study of plant hybrids. He was the first......
Lack, David Lambert
David Lambert Lack was a British ornithologist, best known as the author of The Life of the Robin (1943) and other......
LacĂ©pĂšde, Ătienne de La Ville-sur-Illon, comte de
Ătienne de La Ville-sur-Illon, comte de LacĂ©pĂšde was a French naturalist and politician who made original contributions......
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was a pioneering French biologist who is best known for his idea that acquired characters......
Lancefield, Rebecca
Rebecca Lancefield was an American bacteriologist who created a system of classification of the more than 60 different......
Lancisi, Giovanni Maria
Giovanni Maria Lancisi was an Italian clinician and anatomist who is considered the first modern hygienist. Lancisi......
Lankester, Sir Edwin Ray
Sir Edwin Ray Lankester was a British authority on general zoology at the turn of the 19th century, who made important......
Latreille, Pierre-André
Pierre-André Latreille was a French zoologist and Roman Catholic priest, often considered to be the father of modern......
Leeuwenhoek, Antonie van
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch microscopist who was the first to observe bacteria and protozoa. His researches......
Lefkowitz, Robert J.
Robert J. Lefkowitz is an American physician and molecular biologist who demonstrated the existence of receptorsâmolecules......
Leidy, Joseph
Joseph Leidy was a zoologist, one of the most distinguished and versatile scientists in the United States, who......
Leuckart, Rudolf
Rudolf Leuckart was a German zoologist and teacher who initiated the modern science of parasitology. He described......
Lillie, Frank Rattray
Frank Rattray Lillie was an American zoologist and embryologist, known for his discoveries concerning the fertilization......
Lindley, John
John Lindley was a British botanist whose attempts to formulate a natural system of plant classification greatly......
Lindquist, Susan L.
Susan L. Lindquist was an American molecular biologist who made key discoveries concerning protein folding and......
Linnaeus, Carolus
Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish naturalist and explorer who was the first to frame principles for defining natural......
Loeb, Jacques
Jacques Loeb was a German-born American biologist noted chiefly for his experimental work on artificial parthenogenesis......