It should be added that al-Sayyid Murtaḍā al-Zabīd (died 1791), a leading philologist, author of the fundamental work of lexicography Tāj al-ʿarūs (“The Bride’s Crown”), and commentator on Ghazālī’s main work, was of Indian origin. Laudatory poems and belles lettres in Arabic were still popular in the early 19th century…
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