Why did Jean-Jacques Rousseau spend much of his later life in exile and seclusion?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau spent much of his later life in exile and seclusion primarily due to the intense controversy and persecution triggered by the 1762 publication of his works Émile; or, On Education and The Social Contract.1

These writings scandalized both religious and political authorities: Émile offended the pious Jansenists of the French Parlements, while The Social Contract angered the Calvinists of Geneva. Consequently, authorities in both Paris and Geneva ordered his books to be burned and issued warrants for his arrest.1

Forced to flee France, Rousseau became a fugitive, moving between various refuges in Switzerland and eventually England. His isolation was further compounded by his personal religious views, which alienated him from both orthodox church adherents and the atheistic philosophes of Paris. In his final years, he also struggled with symptoms of paranoia, leading him to return to France incognito, where he lived in relative seclusion until his death.1