When did Samuel live in the history of ancient Israel?

Samuel is recorded as having flourished during the 11th century BCE in the history of Israel.1

He served as a significant religious and political figure during a transitional era when the Israelite tribal confederacy faced existential threats from the Philistines. His life and career are central to the biblical accounts of the establishment of the monarchy, during which he acted as a seer, priest, judge, and prophet who anointed both Saul and David as kings. While historical analysis suggests that the traditions surrounding his life contain inconsistencies and legendary elements, he remains a pivotal figure in the transition of Israel from a loose confederacy to a kingdom.123