What crisis struck Bordeaux near the end of Michel de Montaigne’s term as mayor?

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Engraved portrait of Michel de Montaigne wearing a ruffled collar and ornate Renaissance clothing, facing forward with a neutral expression. — Michel de Montaigne French writer Michel de Montaigne.

Toward the end of Michel de Montaigne’s second term as mayor of Bordeaux, a devastating outbreak of the plague struck the city. The epidemic raged out of control, ultimately resulting in the deaths of one-third of the population.1