Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbaydullah

…one of Muhammad’s widows, and Ṭalḥah and Zubayr, prominent Companions of the Prophet, temporarily secured ʿAlī’s position but inaugurated civil war. Muʿāwiyah, another Umayyad from Mecca and governor of Syria, took up the demands for vengeance on ʿUthmān’s death and questioned the validity of ʿAlī’s caliphate. Their confrontation in the…

…including Muhammad’s wife ʿĀʾishah and Ṭalḥah and Zubayr; and the party of Muʿāwiyah, the governor of Syria and a member of ʿUthmān’s clan, the Banū Umayyah. Ostensibly the conflict focused on whether ʿUthmān had been assassinated justly, whether ʿAlī had been involved, and whether ʿUthmān’s death should be avenged by…