St. Clare of Assisi

St. Clare of Assisi (born July 16, 1194, Assisi, duchy of Spoleto [Italy]—died August 11, 1253, Assisi; canonized 1255; feast day August 11) was an abbess and founder of the Poor Clares (Clarissines), a Roman Catholic religious order of contemplative, cloistered nuns who live according to a strict rule established in the 13th century by St. Francis of Assisi for the Franciscans. St. Clare is the patron saint of people with eye disorders and embroiderers. In 1958 Pope Pius XII declared her the heavenly patron of television, citing an incident before Clare’s death when she miraculously heard and saw the Christmas midnight mass in the basilica of San Francesco, located a distance from her convent, on the far side of Assisi, Italy.

Life and death

Clare was born into a noble family and was devout from a young age. Deeply influenced by St. Francis of Assisi, she refused to marry, as her parents wished, and fled to the Porziuncola Chapel below Assisi. On March 18, 1212, Francis received her vows, and thus began the Second Order of St. Francis. Many joined Clare, including her mother and her sister St. Agnes of Assisi, and soon the Poor Clares were housed in the church and convent of San Damiano, near Assisi. Clare became abbess there in 1216. Her great concern was to obtain a rule reflecting the spirit of Francis to replace the Benedictine rule that Cardinal Ugolino (later Pope Gregory IX) had adapted for her order. Two days before she died Pope Innocent IV approved her definitive rule.

Besides its “privilege of perfect poverty,” forbidding the ownership of property even by the community, Clare’s order is noted for its apostolic aim: she considered its penitential prayer life a spiritually vitalizing force for church and society. This view was shared by the popes and by the grateful citizens of Assisi, who credited Clare with twice saving their city from destruction. On the first occasion, Clare caused the convent chaplain to elevate the host of the Eucharist at the refectory window, whereupon the Moorish allies of the Holy Roman emperor Frederick II, who were storming the walls, fell back. On the second occasion, when a larger force headed by Gen. Vitale d’Aversa besieged Assisi, Clare and her nuns fervently prayed for the Assisians, and a great storm dispersed the attackers. She was credited with other miracles in life and after death.

Discover the fascinating events that shaped the world, straight from our editors.

SIGN UP

By clicking “Sign Up”, you consent to the Britannica Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.

Britannica Quiz

World Religions & Traditions

Patron saint of television and computers

Declared the patron saint of television in the 1950s by Pope Pius XII, Clare was later embraced as the patron of computers and computer screens. In his apostolic letter of February 1958, Pius called television, which was a new technology at the time, a “wondrous instrument” that could also be the source of “deep troubles” to the spirituality of family life. The miracle that Clare experienced before her death was offered as evidence that she would be the ideal patron to protect against television’s misuse in the home.