Roman Ingarden
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Roman Ingarden was a Polish philosopher known for his work in structural ontology and aesthetics. He analyzed the structures of various artworks in light of his ontological theories. Ingarden's work on the ontology of art explored the nature of a work of art and its relationship to its physical embodiments. He argued that a work of art exists on multiple levels, not identical with its physical appearance but with the totality of interpretations that secure its formal and semantic aspects. Ingarden's studies of the aesthetic object, particularly in his work The Literary Work of Art, exemplify a phenomenological approach to aesthetics.123
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