Raphael: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
Monographs focusing on the artist’s life include Johann David Passavant, Raphael of Urbino and His Father Giovanni Santi (1872, reprinted 1978); J.A. Crowe and G.B. Cavalcaselle, Raphael: His Life and Works, 2 vol. (1882–85, reprinted 1972); James Beck, Raphael (1976), recounting the development of his early career; and Roger Jones and Nicholas Penny, Raphael (1983), which includes a treatment of his architecture. Texts that discuss his work in detail include Oskar Fischel, Raphael, 2 vol. (1948; reissued in 1 vol., 1964); Pierluigi de Vecchi, The Complete Paintings of Raphael (1966, reissued 1987), containing a general catalog of the artist’s works; The Complete Work of Raphael (1969, reprinted 1978), with 7 essays on all his artistic output and more than 900 reproductions; John Pope-Hennessy, Raphael (1970); Luitpold Dussler, Raphael: A Critical Catalogue of His Pictures, Wall-Paintings, and Tapestries (1971); Paul Joannides, The Drawings of Raphael: With a Complete Catalogue (1983), containing more than 400 reproductions; James H. Beck (ed.), Raphael Before Rome (1986), scholarly symposium papers on his early career; and Francis Ames-Lewis, The Draftsman Raphael (1986). Also noteworthy are Leopold D. Ettlinger and Helen S. Ettlinger, Raphael (1987); Carlo Pedretti, Raphael: His Life & Work in the Splendors of the Italian Renaissance (1989); Jacqueline Guillaud and Maurice Guillaud, Raphael: Grace of an Angel, Force of Genius: Frescoes from the Vatican (1989); James H. Beck, Raphael (1994).
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modified link of Web site: Smarthistory - Raphael, an introduction. | Sep 11, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Apr 02, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Apr 02, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Smarthistory - Raphael, an introduction. | Jun 07, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: ABC Listen - Raphael: Master of Renaissance Classicism. | Mar 17, 2025 | ||
| Questions and answers added. | Feb 12, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: UEN Digital Press with Pressbooks - Renaissance Through Contemporary Art History - Raphael, an introduction. | Jan 16, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Official Site of Raphael. | Oct 24, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Archaeological Museum of Republic of North Macedonia - Raffaelo biography, life and work. | Aug 16, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Gallery of Art - Raphael. | Jun 21, 2024 | ||
| First paragraph modernization. | Apr 03, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Academia - Raphael. | Oct 20, 2023 | ||
| Links added. | Aug 11, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Art in Context - Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino Who Was Raphael and Why Is He Famous? | Jul 07, 2023 | ||
| Cross-references added. | Apr 29, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Khan Academy - Raphael, an introduction. | Feb 19, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Art Encyclopedia - Raphael. | Nov 21, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Raphael. | Aug 31, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Virtual Uffizi Gallery - Biography of Raffaello Sanzio. | Mar 22, 2022 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Feb 12, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: Famous Painters - Raphael. | Jan 26, 2021 | ||
| Noted that he died days after contracting a fever. | Dec 28, 2020 | ||
| Add new Web site: TheArtStory - Raphael. | Feb 22, 2019 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Apr 26, 2018 | ||
| Removed photo. | May 12, 2016 | ||
| Added alternate title, "Raffaello Santi," and cross-references. |
|
Dec 15, 2015 | |
| Add new Web site: The National Gallery - A brief introduction to Raphael's life and times. | Mar 21, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Catholic Encyclopedia - Biography of Raphael. | Jan 13, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Olga's Gallery - Biography of Raphael. | Jan 13, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Getty - Biography of Raphael. | Jan 13, 2013 | ||
| Replaced photograph of Raphael's Resurrection of Christ. | Aug 03, 2012 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 09, 2009 | ||
| Media added. | Mar 26, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Global Gallery - Biography of Raphael. | Apr 25, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Reading Images Project - Biography of Raphael. | Apr 25, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: Olga's Gallery - Biography of Raphael. | Apr 25, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: CGFA - Biography of Raphael. | Apr 25, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: SackLunch - Biography of Raphael. | Apr 25, 2007 | ||
| Media added. | Dec 01, 2006 | ||
| Bibliography revised. | Dec 01, 2006 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Dec 01, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: National Gallery of Art - Raphael. | Oct 30, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Artchive - Raphael. | Sep 01, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Raffaello Sanzio. | Aug 29, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Raffaello Sanzio. | Aug 29, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: WebMuseum - Raphael. | Aug 10, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Olga's Gallery - Raphael. | Jun 19, 2006 | ||
| Article revised. | Dec 21, 2000 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jan 12, 2000 |