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Nicolas C. Paulescu (born 1869, Bucharest, Romania—died 1931, Bucharest) was a Romanian physiologist who conducted groundbreaking research on the antidiabetic hormone insulin. However, his anti-Semitic writings contributed to the rise of the fascist Iron Guard movement (1930–41). As a young student, Paulescu developed an interest in the arts and in the natural, physical, and chemical sciences. In 1888 he went to Paris to study medicine, and three years later he took a post as a...