Muḥammad III

Muḥammad III was a ruler of the Naṣrid dynasty, which was the last Muslim dynasty in Spain, ruling Granada from 1238 to 1492. He reigned from 1302 to 1309. During his rule, he briefly gained control of Ceuta and Gibraltar, but a coalition soon forced him into a vassalage to the king of Castile. The Naṣrid rulers, including Muḥammad III, often faced internal strife and wavered between submission to Christian Castile and dependence on their North African kinsmen. Despite these challenges, Granada experienced periods of prosperity, partly due to welcoming Muslim refugees and developing its silk industry and trade. The dynasty's rule ultimately ended with the Christian conquest of Granada in 1492.12