Muhammad Farah Aydid

Muhammad Farah Aydid (born c. 1930, Beledweyne, Italian Somaliland—died Aug. 1, 1996, Mogadishu, Somalia) was a Somali faction leader. He received military training in Italy and the U.S.S.R. and served in posts under Mohamed Siad Barre (1978–89) before overthrowing him in 1991. He became the dominant clan leader at the centre of the Somalian civil war. Losing the interim presidency to another factional leader, Aydid continued warring on rival clans. When UN and U.S. troops intervened in Somalia (1992), Aydid ambushed a UN contingent and was declared an outlaw. The attempt to capture him led to many deaths—in the Battle of Mogadishu (October 3–4, 1993), for example, 18 U.S. soldiers and hundreds of Somali militia fighters and civilians were killed—and foreign troops were withdrawn. He then intensified his campaign against his rivals, but he reportedly died of a heart attack after being wounded in battle.