Marcel-Alexandre Bertrand

Marcel-Alexandre Bertrand (born July 2, 1847, Paris, Fr.—died Feb. 13, 1907, Paris) was a French geologist who introduced the theory that certain mountains, in particular the Alps, were formed by folding and overthrusting of the Earth’s crust. In 1886, two years after he first proposed his theory of mountain building, Bertrand became instructor at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines. During summers he did fieldwork for the French Geological Survey and also attempted to determine...