Ma Rainey: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

Derrick Stewart-Baxter, Ma Rainey and the Classic Blues Singers (1970); Sandra R. Lieb, Mother of the Blues (1981); Angela Y. Davis, Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude “Ma” Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday (1998).

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame - Ma Rainey. Oct 30, 2026
Added Ma Rainey: Mother of the Blues: The Complete Paramount Recordings, 1923-1928. Aug 07, 2026
Added media and noted the inclusion of “See See Rider Blues” in the National Recording Registry. Jul 22, 2026
Anniversary information added. Apr 22, 2026
Add new Web site: California African American Museum - #blackhistory: On April 26, 1886, Ma Rainey, the Mother of the Blues, was born. Mar 25, 2026
Anniversary information added. Dec 18, 2025
Add new Web site: CBC Arts - Understanding Black rage: Why Ma Rainey's Black Bottom couldn't be more timely. Nov 14, 2025
Add new Web site: TeachRock - Ma Rainey. Apr 25, 2025
First paragraph modernization. Apr 03, 2024
Add new Web site: National Women's History Museum - Gertrude “Ma” Rainey. Jun 30, 2023
Noted that she received a Grammy Award for lifetime achievement and added the play and film Ma Rainey's Black Bottom. Feb 06, 2023
Deleted “Malissa Nix” from her birth name and changed the location of her death from “Rome, Georgia,” to “Columbus.” Feb 13, 2020
Article revised and updated. Feb 15, 2019
Add new Web site: Black History Now - Biography of Ma Rainey. Nov 03, 2014
Add new Web site: Blackpast - Biography of Gertrude ?Ma? Rainey. Nov 03, 2014
Add new Web site: New Georgia Encyclopedia - Gertrude "Ma" Rainey. Aug 01, 2014
Add new Web site: AllMusic - Ma Rainey. Apr 29, 2014
Add new Web site: Georgia Women of Achievement - Biography of Ma Rainey. Apr 29, 2014
Add new Web site: All About Jazz - Ma Rainey. Apr 28, 2014
Added new Web site: Think Quest - Biography of Ma Rainey. Jul 03, 2008
Added new Web site: The New Georgia Encyclopedia - Biography of Ma Rainey. Jul 03, 2008
Added new Web site: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame - Ma Rainey. Jul 03, 2008
Added new Web site: Musician Biographies - Biography of Ma Rainey. Jul 03, 2008
Added new Web site: Southern Music - Ma Rainey. Jul 03, 2008
Article revised and updated. Apr 02, 2008
Bibliography revised and updated. Apr 02, 2008
Article revised and updated. Jun 27, 2007
Added new Web site: Red Hot Jazz - Biography of Gertrude Ma Rainey. Apr 04, 2007
Article revised. Jan 12, 2000
Article added to new online database. May 04, 1999
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