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Louis De France (born Nov. 1, 1661—died April 14, 1711, Meudon, Fr.) was the son of Louis XIV and Marie-Thérèse of Austria. His death preceded his father’s, and the French crown went to his own grandson, Louis XV. In 1688 he received nominal command of the French armies in Germany, led by Vauban, but throughout his life he depended on the favours of his strong-willed father and acquired a reputation for timidity, subservience, and—despite an...