Kyrsten Sinema

Kyrsten Sinema (born July 12, 1976, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.) is an American politician who represented Arizona in the U.S. Senate (2019–25). She was the first woman to be elected senator from her state. Sinema previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives (2013–19), where she was the first openly bisexual member of that body. Sinema was a member of the Democratic Party for most of her political career but switched her party affiliation to independent in 2022. Two years later she announced that she would not seek a second term in the Senate. Her seat was won by Democrat Ruben Gallego in 2024.

Education and early career

Born to middle-class Mormon parents in Arizona, Sinema’s early childhood took a difficult turn after her parents divorced in 1983. Sinema’s mother remarried, and her stepfather lost his job shortly after moving the family to Florida. He ultimately found part-time work, but the family of five was forced to take up residence in an old gas station. With additional work and the assistance of their local church, Sinema’s stepfather and mother eventually moved the family to a farmhouse. Sinema later described the three years that her family lived in the gas station as a defining period in her life, one that inspired her to become a social worker and, later, a politician.

At age 16 Sinema graduated from high school as valedictorian and two years later earned a bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University. She returned to Arizona in 1995, where she obtained a master’s degree in social work at Arizona State University (ASU) in 1999. While studying for her master’s, she worked as a social worker in Phoenix.

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In 2000 Sinema took a position as a staff member on the presidential campaign team for American lawyer and consumer advocate Ralph Nader. The following year she ran for office as a member of Nader’s left-wing Green Party. Colourfully styling herself a “Prada socialist,” Sinema argued against the death penalty and protested both the Afghanistan War and the Iraq War—the latter, memorably, in a pink tutu. In 2005, however, Sinema took office, joining the Arizona Democratic Party and becoming the representative for Arizona’s 15th district in that state’s House of Representatives. Simultaneously, she earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from ASU’s College of Law and began working as a criminal defense lawyer.

Over the next six years, Sinema climbed the ranks within the Arizona House Democratic caucus, becoming assistant leader by 2010. That year Sinema successfully ran for the Arizona Senate, defeating Republican Bob Thomas. During her time in the state capitol, Sinema began working with Republicans to pass bipartisan legislation, not all of which was pleasing to her liberal base. She also came out as bisexual; her first public comment as an elected official about her sexuality was, “We’re simply people like everyone else who want and deserve respect.”

In 2012 Sinema received a Ph.D. in justice studies from ASU and ran to represent Arizona’s 9th congressional district. Sinema won the three-way Democratic primary on August 28, 2012, beating state senator David Schapira and former Arizona Democratic Party chairman Andrei Cherny. In the general election, Sinema faced Paradise Valley mayor Vernon Parker. The ensuing race would later be called “bitterly fought” by commentators, involving millions of dollars in attack ads. Election day ended on November 6, 2012, with the contest too close to call, as election authorities counted fewer than 75 percent of the votes. Sinema was eventually found to have won by four percentage points, or roughly 10,000 votes.

Representative and senator

In the U.S. House of Representatives, Sinema moved further to the right, becoming “arguably the most conservative Democrat in the House,” according to The Arizona Republic newspaper. Although Sinema voted with her party on contentious matters such as whether to repeal the Affordable Care Act, she joined with Republicans on issues such as military funding, business regulations, and veterans’ health care. She solidified her place in the political spectrum by joining the Blue Dog Coalition and the Problem Solvers Caucus, both of which were dedicated to centrist lawmaking.

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In 2017, after winning two more terms in the U.S. House, Sinema declared her intention to run for the U.S. Senate and subsequently won the election in 2018. While in the Senate, Sinema’s centrism has made her an especially controversial figure among Democratic voters. In a Senate divided 50–50 between Republicans and Democrats during the 117th U.S. Congress, Sinema leveraged her necessary vote to obstruct popular parts of the Democratic agenda, such as lowering prescription drug costs for Medicare recipients and increasing taxes for corporations and wealthier individuals. Moreover, she sometimes did so with a flippancy that enraged her critics, such as when she performed a half-curtsy while voting down a minimum wage increase. In January 2022 Sinema received a rare censure from the Arizona Democratic Party for not supporting the abolition of the Senate filibuster rule.

On December 9, 2022, Sinema announced that she was leaving the Democratic Party, saying, “I’ve never fit neatly into any party box.” However, the senator continued to caucus with Democrats. Facing what was expected to be a difficult reelection in 2024, Sinema announced that she would leave office when her current term ended.