John Frederick Amelung

Amelung glass refers to American glassware produced between 1784 and approximately 1795 by John Frederick Amelung. Amelung, a German immigrant, established the New Bremen Glassmanufactory near Frederick, Maryland, with the goal of creating a self-sufficient community by importing German glassworkers and craftsmen.12

This endeavor received encouragement from prominent figures like George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin. In fact, a protective tariff on glass was proposed under the new U.S. Constitution to support such industries. Despite these efforts, Amelung's project ultimately failed due to financial difficulties, and the glassworks closed.1

Surviving examples of Amelung glass are rare and often feature delicate engraving, including presentation pieces gifted to figures like Washington. This glassware is noted for its similarity to fine engraved Stiegel glass.12