Legacy of John Constable
Constable was a significant painter during a period when landscape was a dominant genre in British art. His oeuvre was unique in that he usually did not elect to paint places popular with the touring public or other artists, but rather concentrated on sites with which he had family connections, or where, for personal reasons, he happened to be. And while other artists made oil sketches, none did so as extensively and intensively as Constable. His landscapes represent a sometimes astonishing capacity to represent natural appearancesāparticularly, in his later years, the fleeting and dramatic effects of stormy skiesāas well as a profound and prolonged meditation on the rural realities of a Britain undergoing a bewildering socioeconomic transformation.
Constable achieved a reasonable reputation during his lifetime as a respected and significant landscape painter. After Constableās death, Charles Robert Leslieās Memoirs of the Life of John Constable (1843), based on Constableās edited correspondence, extended his reputation, laying out the fictional life of a sincere and dedicated artist struggling against iniquity and incomprehension; it was Leslieās loyalty to his friend that perhaps caused him to gloss over many of Constableās less-appealing characteristics. By the early 20th century Constableās oeuvre was reexamined when scholarsā need to find British antecedents to Impressionism led to an overemphasis on his oil sketches. In the late 20th century a reassessment grounded more in historical factors was attempted, an area of study that remains contentious. While some have tried to relocate Constableās landscapes within their contemporary context and have suggested that they are complex works of art with, often, a deeply political content, others have preferred to see them as embodying a quintessential āEnglishness.ā The fact that the argument is ongoing confirms the continuing vitality of these landscapes.