âŠtwo further efforts of note: J.C.F. Hoefer compiled the Nouvelle Biographie gĂ©nĂ©rale (1852â66; âNew General Biographyâ), and J.F. Michaud was responsible for the Biographie universelle (1811â62; âUniversal Biographyâ). These two great works were to a certain extent competitive, which helped to improve their coverage and content; they are still usedâŠ
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