How did Philip II Augustus govern Normandy and Anjou after conquering them?

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After conquering Normandy and Anjou in the early 13th century, Philip II Augustus employed a shrewd and pragmatic governance policy to integrate these territories into the French royal domain.12

His approach was characterized by two primary strategies:

  • Preservation of Local Institutions: Philip retained the deep-rooted customs and existing administrative structures of these provinces. He recognized the efficiency of their systems, particularly the fiscal procedures of Normandy, which subsequently influenced Capetian accounting practices in other parts of the kingdom.12
  • Strategic Appointments: To ensure the loyalty of these newly acquired regions, Philip appointed men from his own court—typically natives of the Île-de-France—to oversee provincial institutions.12

Additionally, in these western lands, Philip instituted seneschals. These functionaries were similar to the bailiffs used elsewhere in his realm but were granted recognized territorial jurisdiction from the start to help manage and secure the conquered areas. This compromise between maintaining local tradition and ensuring royal control proved highly effective for generations.12