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Hemantasena was the founder of the Sena dynasty, an Indian dynasty that ruled in Bengal during the 11th and 12th centuries CE. Originally a tributary of the Pala dynasty, Hemantasena declared his independence in the mid-11th century and established himself as king. His successor, Vijayasena, expanded the dynasty's control to encompass all of Bengal and northern Bihar. The Sena rule marked a revival of orthodox Hinduism and saw the reestablishment of the caste system. The dynasty's last ruler, Lakshmanasena, was a patron of literature before being expelled by Muslim invaders in 1202 CE.1

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