Grace Slick

Grace Slick (born October 30, 1939, Highland Park, Illinois, U.S.) is an American musician and artist best known as the colead vocalist of the classic rock band Jefferson Airplane and its spinoff bands, Jefferson Starship and Starship. Slick’s striking beauty, stage presence, and dynamic contralto voice enabled Jefferson Airplane to become one of the most important musical acts during the counterculture movement of the late 1960s.

Early life

Grace Slick is the daughter of investment banker Ivan Wing and retired performer Virginia Wing. During her childhood, her father’s job moved the family around the country, and they lived in Los Angeles and San Francisco before settling in Palo Alto, California. Slick graduated from Castilleja School, an all-girls high school in Palo Alto, before attending Finch College in New York City from 1957 to 1958 and the University of Miami in Florida from 1958 to 1959, where she studied art. She married childhood friend Gerald (“Jerry”) Slick, an aspiring filmmaker, in 1961, and she found work as a model.

Slick lived in San Francisco in 1965, and she was inspired to be a musician after attending a live show by the newly formed band Jefferson Airplane at a club called the Matrix. Slick (vocals and guitar) and her husband, Jerry (drums), and other American musicians Darby Slick (lead guitar), who was Jerry’s brother, and David Miner (bass and vocals) formed a band called the Great Society, and the group became popular in the emerging psychedelic rock scene in the city. Grace Slick wrote the song “White Rabbit,” which she based on the book Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (first published in 1865) by British author Lewis Carroll; it features lyrics about exploring the mind by using hallucinogenic drugs. The Great Society performed the song live, though they did not record a version. Darby Slick wrote a song called “Someone to Love,” released as the band’s only single on Autumn Records in 1966, with Grace Slick providing the lead vocals; however, the song did not perform well commercially.

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Jefferson Airplane

Meanwhile, Jefferson Airplane released its first album Jefferson Airplane Takes Off on August 15, 1966, on the RCA Victor record label; the band was one of the most popular in the new rock scene in San Francisco, but the album did not sell well. Marty Balin and Signe Toly Anderson shared lead vocals in the band. However, a few months after Anderson gave birth to her first child in May 1966, she left the band. Slick, who was familiar with the band, since the Great Society had played with them live, was recruited to take Anderson’s place. She brought two songs with her, “White Rabbit” and “Someone to Love,” which was renamed “Somebody to Love.” Both songs featured Slick on lead vocals and were included on Jefferson Airplane’s seminal 1967 album Surrealistic Pillow, a work considered to be a psychedelic folk-rock classic that was later listed in Rolling Stone’s 500 greatest albums of all time.

Surrealistic Pillow was the perfect soundtrack to the 1967 “Summer of Love,” which was centred in the Haight-Ashbury neighbourhood of San Francisco. The album features guitar contributions from the Grateful Dead’s Jerry Garcia, and he was credited as the band’s “musical and spiritual adviser.” Jefferson Airplane performed an electrifying set at the Monterey Pop Festival in June 1967; the musical event also featured American musicians Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin and British rock group the Who. Jefferson Airplane appeared on Dick Clark’s American Bandstand and The Ed Sullivan Show, and the group had memorable live performances on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour of “White Rabbit” and “Somebody to Love” in front of a multicoloured psychedelic television special effect.

Slick had a larger role in songwriting for the next three Jefferson Airplane albums. After Bathing at Baxter’s, released in 1968, received mostly positive reviews from critics, though it was seen as a commercial disappointment. That same year Crown of Creation was a commercial and critical success, reaching number six on the Billboard pop chart. It showed the band moving into a heavier acid rock sound, influenced by the psychedelic rock scene. The Slick-penned single “Lather” on the album was written for her then boyfriend, Airplane’s drummer Spencer Dryden. (She had separated from her husband, and they divorced in 1971.) Volunteers followed in 1969, and, though it created some controversy with its antiwar lyrics, the album sold well and is today considered a classic. Jefferson Airplane performed at the Woodstock festival on the morning of August 17, 1969, a set that featured a memorable performance of the title track “Volunteers,” which spotlighted Slick’s powerful backing vocals.

Jefferson Starship, Starship, and later years

The firing of Dryden in 1970 would herald a period of turmoil and change for Slick and the band. Slick and Airplane guitarist and vocalist Paul Kantner were in a relationship, and their daughter China Wing Kantner was born on January 25, 1971. Guitarist Jorma Kaukonen and bassist Jack Casady left Jefferson Airplane in 1973 to focus on their band Hot Tuna, and Slick released her first solo album, Manhole, in January 1974. The same year, Slick and Kantner transitioned Jefferson Airplane into a spinoff band called Jefferson Starship. Slick struggled with alcohol dependency during this period, and Kantner asked her to leave the band in 1978; she rejoined in 1981. Kantner left Jefferson Starship in 1984, as he did not like the pop-oriented direction the band was taking. He later sued the band regarding its name, which prompted the remaining members to rename the band Starship in 1985. Starship had a string of hit pop rock songs in the 1980s, including “We Built This City” and “Nothing’s Gonna Stop Us Now,” featuring Slick on colead vocals with American singer Mickey Thomas.

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Slick left Starship in 1988 before rejoining the original Jefferson Airplane lineup for its self-titled reunion album, Jefferson Airplane, and short-lived tour in 1989. She retired from music in 1990; however, she has since performed occasionally. In her retirement, she has focused on her artwork, some of which has been displayed at art galleries throughout the United States. She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 as a member of Jefferson Airplane.