George Berkeley: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
The standard biography of Berkeley is A.A. Luce, The Life of George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne (1992, originally published 1949). Other treatments of his life are provided in David Berman, George Berkeley: Idealism and the Man (1994); and Edwin S. Gaustad, George Berkeley in America (1979).
The definitive edition of the philosopher’s writings is A.A. Luce and T.E. Jessop (eds.), The Works of George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne, 9 vol. (1948–57, reprinted in 3 vol., 1979). An informative bibliography is provided in T.E. Jessop and A.A. Luce, A Bibliography of George Berkeley: With Inventory of Berkeley’s Manuscript Remains by A.A. Luce, 2nd rev. ed. (1973).
Broad analyses of Berkeley’s philosophy include Kenneth P. Winkler, Berkeley: An Interpretation (1989); Jonathan Dancy, Berkeley: An Introduction (1987); George Pitcher, Berkeley (1977, reprinted 1984); A.A. Luce, Berkeley and Malebranche: A Study in the Origins of Berkeley’s Thought (1934, reprinted 1988); and G.A. Johnston, The Development of Berkeley’s Philosophy (1923, reprinted 1988).
Essays on various aspects of Berkeley’s philosophy are collected in Kenneth Winkler (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Berkeley (2005); and John Foster and Howard Robinson (eds.), Essays on Berkeley: A Tercentennial Celebration (1985).
Special studies focusing on particular theories and arguments include Douglas Michael Jesseph, Berkeley’s Philosophy of Mathematics (1993); R.G. Muehlmann, Berkeley’s Ontology (1992); Margaret Atherton, Berkeley’s Revolution in Vision (1990); Stephen R.L. Clark (ed.), Money, Obedience, and Affection: Essays on Berkeley’s Moral and Political Thought (1989); Willis Doney, Berkeley on Abstraction and Abstract Ideas (1989); A.C. Grayling, Berkeley: The Central Arguments (1986); and I.C. Tipton, Berkeley: The Philosophy of Immaterialism (1974, reprinted 1994).
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
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Brian Duignan
Brian Duignan is a senior editor at Encyclopædia Britannica. His subject areas include philosophy, law, social science, politics, political theory, and religion.
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anniversary information added. | Mar 08, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Jan 10, 2026 | ||
| First paragraph modernization. | Apr 17, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Famous Philosophers - George Berkeley. | Jun 25, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Basics of Philosphy - Biography of Bishop George Berkeley. | Jun 25, 2021 | ||
| Article revised to discuss authorship of the letter to Peter Browne. | Apr 04, 2018 | ||
| Article revised. | May 23, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: British Broadcasting Corporation - Biography of George Berkeley. | Oct 28, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: The University of Adelaide - Biography of George Berkeley. | Oct 28, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Oregon State University - Biography of George Berkeley. | Jul 25, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: The European Graduate School - Biography of George Berkeley. | Jul 25, 2013 | ||
| Amended characterization of Berkeley's philosophy to note that it is idealist. | Feb 06, 2012 | ||
| Omitted reference to Malebranche as a skeptical influence on Berkeley. | Jan 20, 2012 | ||
| Bibliography thoroughly revised. | Jan 12, 2011 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 06, 2011 | ||
| Added image of the Scottish mathematician Colin Maclaurin. | Jan 06, 2011 | ||
| Added new Web site: MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive - Biography of George Berkeley. | Mar 26, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - George Berkeley. | Jun 26, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of George Berkeley. | Jun 14, 2006 | ||
| Article revised. | Nov 17, 2000 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |