Genevieve Taggard

Genevieve Taggard (born November 28, 1894, Waitsburg, Washington, U.S.—died November 8, 1948, New York, New York) was an American poet and biographer of Emily Dickinson who was much admired for her lyric verse that deftly and passionately mingles intellectual, personal, social, and aesthetic concerns.

From 1896 Taggard grew up in Hawaii, where her parents were missionaries. In the fall of 1914 she entered the University of California, Berkeley. She worked her way through college, edited the literary magazine, the Occident, and graduated in 1919. Later that year, in December, Harper’s published the first of her poems to reach a national audience. She moved to New York City in 1920.

In 1921 she joined Maxwell Anderson, Padraic Colum, and others in founding The Measure: A Journal of Poetry, a monthly magazine on whose editorial board she served until its demise in 1926. Fiercely liberal in her politics—she described herself as a socialist and was affiliated with the Communist Party—Taggard was integrally involved in the bohemian scene of New York City’s Greenwich Village as well as radical literary circles. She was a frequent contributor to Freeman, The Masses, The Liberator, and similar magazines.

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In 1921 Taggard married poet and novelist Robert L. Wolf. After the birth of their daughter, Marcia, Taggard struggled to balance her roles as wife, mother, and writer. She embraced her domestic responsibilities but rejected the notion that they defined her or should limit her literary aspirations. She thought it unfortunate that so many women wrote “out of a decorative impulse” and sought to avoid wasting her own talents on mere “literary needlework.” She thought of herself not as “a poetess, but…a poet,” whose work “relates to general experience and the realities of the time.”

After a year in California in 1922–23, Taggard and her family settled in New England. Her first volume of verse, For Eager Lovers (1922), contained mostly personal poems on marriage and nature. It was followed by Hawaiian Hilltop (1923), Words for the Chisel (1926), and Travelling Standing Still (1928). The latter two volumes collected poems on her childhood, social injustice, love, and poetry itself and received widespread critical acclaim.

From 1929 to 1931 Taggard taught at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts. In 1930 she published the acclaimed biography The Life and Mind of Emily Dickinson.

With funding provided by a Guggenheim fellowship, she spent 1931–32 writing on the islands of Majorca (Spain) and Capri (Italy). She taught at Bennington College in Vermont in 1932–35. Taggard and Wolf divorced in 1934. The following year she married Kenneth Durant, a representative of the Soviet news agency TASS. From 1935 to 1946 she taught at Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York, and spent her free time at Gilfeather, her farm near East Jamaica, Vermont.

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In 1934 Taggard published Not Mine to Finish: Poems 1928–1934. Those poems on art, nature, and identity showed off Taggard’s intellectual and lyrical talents. Her next book, Calling Western Union (1936), was a collection of social protest poems. Her subsequent poetry collections, most notably Slow Music (1946), returned to lyrical investigations of nature and art.

For many years after her death, Taggard was best known for her biography of Dickinson. Beginning in the 1980s, she gained further recognition as an important early feminist and radical poet.

Several of Taggard’s lyrics were set to music by Aaron Copland, Roy Harris, William Schuman, and other composers.