Garson Kanin

Garson Kanin (born November 24, 1912, Rochester, New York, U.S.—died March 13, 1999, New York, New York) was an American writer and director who was perhaps best known for several classic comedies written with his wife, the actress-writer Ruth Gordon, and for the play Born Yesterday (1946).

Early work

Kanin left high school to help support his family during the first years of the Great Depression. He worked as a musician and later as a comedian before attending the American Academy of Dramatic Arts (1932–33). In 1933 he was cast in a small part in the Broadway play Little Ol’ Boy. After a few other roles, in 1935 Kanin became an assistant to producer-director George Abbott and soon was directing touring companies of Abbott’s shows. At about that same time, he met playwright Thornton Wilder, who became his mentor and later encouraged him to write. In 1936 Kanin directed his first Broadway production, Hitch Your Wagon.

Film directing

In 1937 Kanin moved to Hollywood and joined producer Samuel Goldwyn’s staff. However, he soon left after receiving no directing assignments. In 1938 he signed with RKO, and later that year he helmed A Man to Remember, a B-film written by Dalton Trumbo, and Next Time I Marry, a screwball comedy starring Lucille Ball. The Great Man Votes (1939) was Kanin’s first critical success, thanks largely to a moving performance by John Barrymore. An acerbic satire on politicians and pollsters, it depicts an alcoholic former professor who is about to lose custody of his two children. His life changes, however, after he learns that he holds the swing vote in the mayoral election. Bachelor Mother (1939) was a popular success, with an A-list cast that included Ginger Rogers as a department store clerk who is mistakenly identified as the mother of an abandoned baby and David Niven as her boss.

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In 1940 Kanin directed the comedy My Favorite Wife. The madcap farce marked the second screen pairing of Cary Grant and Irene Dunne, who gave memorable performances as a couple reunited when the wife is rescued after having been marooned for seven years on an island. Although My Favorite Wife was one of 1940’s highest-grossing films, Kanin’s next movie, the romantic drama They Knew What They Wanted, was one of the year’s biggest disappointments despite the presence of Carole Lombard and Charles Laughton. Tom, Dick, and Harry (1941) was a light comedy starring Rogers as a small-town telephone operator who must choose between three suitors (Burgess Meredith, George Murphy, and Alan Marshal).

Drafted during World War II, Kanin made documentary films for the military, one of which, The True Glory (1945), codirected by Carol Reed, won an Academy Award for best documentary. After the war, Kanin’s focus shifted to writing and the stage, though in 1969 he directed a pair of screenplays he had written: Where It’s At, a comedy set in Las Vegas with David Janssen, and Some Kind of a Nut, a farce with Dick Van Dyke and Angie Dickinson.

Screenplays, theatrical work, and novels

Kanin married Ruth Gordon in 1942, and the couple subsequently became a highly successful writing team. Their first collaboration was A Double Life (1947), a film noir directed by George Cukor. Kanin and Gordon earned Academy Award nominations for their screenplay. The couple also received Oscar nods for Adam’s Rib (1949) and Pat and Mike (1952). These classic comedies, which were directed by Cukor, starred Katharine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy. Working alone, Kanin wrote such screenplays as It Should Happen to You (1954) and The Rat Race (1960; based on his play and novel of the same name). He also penned several scripts for the small screen, including Hardhat and Legs (1980), a TV movie that was his final collaboration with Gordon, who died in 1985.

Kanin’s postwar career was also highlighted by his work in the theaer He directed the Broadway production of Born Yesterday (1946–49), which he also wrote. Arguably his best-known play, the comedy centers on a millionaire who travels to Washington, D.C., in order to lobby senators. However, when he realizes that his unrefined mistress might be an embarrassment, he hires her a tutor. The play was a breakthrough for Judy Holliday, who also starred in the film adaptation (directed by Cukor), which was a critical and commercial success when it was released in 1950. Kanin subsequently wrote and directed several other plays, including The Smile of the World (performed 1949), The Live Wire (performed 1950), and Come on Strong (performed 1962). In 1955 he directed the Broadway premiere of The Diary of Anne Frank. His other directorial Broadway credits included A Gift of Time (performed 1962), with Henry Fonda, and Funny Girl (performed 1964–67), starring Barbra Streisand.

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Kanin also wrote novels, including Blow Up a Storm (1959), A Thousand Summers (1973), and Moviola (1979); Cast of Characters (1969), a collection of short stories; and nonfiction such as Tracy and Hepburn: An Intimate Memoir (1971), Hollywood (1974), and Together Again! The Stories of the Great Hollywood Teams (1981). His brother, Michael Kanin, was also a noted screenwriter.