Édouard Manet: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
Life and work
The artist’s life and work are treated in Françoise Cachin, Charles S. Moffett, and Juliet Wilson Bareau, Manet, 1832–1883 (1983), a catalog published in conjunction with Manet’s centenary exhibition. General biographies of the artist include Beth Archer Brombert, Edouard Manet: Rebel in a Frock Coat (1996); and Françoise Cachin, Manet (1991; originally published in French, 1990). Denis Rouart and Daniel Wildenstein, Édouard Manet: catalogue raisonné, 2 vol. (1975), provides a comprehensive survey of the artist’s work. Manet’s work in specific media is discussed in Sandra Orienti, The Complete Paintings of Manet (1967, reissued 1985), which also presents a concise biography and selections of contemporary criticism; Alain de Leiris, The Drawings of Edouard Manet (1969); and Jean C. Harris, Édouard Manet, the Graphic Work: A Catalogue Raisonné, rev. ed., edited by Joel M. Smith (1990). Essential among the early writings on Manet’s career and contribution are Émile Zola, My Hatreds (1991; originally published in French, 1879); and Theodore Duret, Manet, trans. by J.E. Crawford Flitch (1937; originally published in French, 1902).
Themes and criticism
George Heard Hamilton, Manet and His Critics (1954, reprinted 1986), presents a wide survey of the contemporary reception of Manet’s art. Many scholars have considered Manet’s essential role in the emergence of modernism. A pioneering study is Anne Coffin Hanson, Manet and the Modern Tradition (1977, reprinted with corrections 1979). Also important are T.J. Clark, The Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers, rev ed. (1999); Michael Fried, Manet’s Modernism: or, The Face of Painting in the 1860s (1996); and Alan Krell, Manet and the Painters of Contemporary Life (1996). Studies of selected themes in Manet’s art include Theodore Reff, Manet: Olympia (1976); Bradford R. Collins (ed.), 12 Views of Manet’s Bar (1996); Paul Hayes Tucker (ed.), Manet’s Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe (1998), a collection of essays by various authors; and Juliet Wilson-Bareau, Manet, The Execution of Maximillian: Painting, Politics, and Censorship (1992).
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Invalidated site: Amherst College - Manet's Olympia: The Figuration of Scandal. | Sep 03, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Apr 26, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Jan 19, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Boise State Pressbooks - Introduction To Art - Manet and the Impressionists. | Sep 26, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: NPR - Even As He Died, Édouard Manet Made Life-Affirming Art. | Jul 03, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Amherst College - Manet's Olympia: The Figuration of Scandal. | Jan 11, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Gallery of Art - Edouard Manet. | Nov 28, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Concordia University Open Textbooks - ?douard Manet and Modern Life. | Oct 01, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Gallery of Art - ?douard Manet. | Aug 07, 2024 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 12, 2024 | ||
| First paragraph modernization. | Mar 25, 2024 | ||
| Media added. | Mar 14, 2024 | ||
| Media added. | Nov 14, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: LiveAbout - Painting Techniques and Style of Edouard Manet. | Sep 14, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Art in Context - Édouard Manet The Godfather of Modernism. | Jul 20, 2023 | ||
| Cross-references added. | Apr 27, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Edouard Manet. | Dec 16, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Artnet - Édouard Manet. | Jan 28, 2019 | ||
| Changed title of the "Assessment" section to "Legacy." | Nov 15, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: Art Encyclopedia - Biography of Edouard Manet. | Jul 12, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: Spartacus Educational - John Everett Millais. | Jul 12, 2017 | ||
| Changed titles and dates of various paintings. | May 19, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: TheArtStory - Edouard Manet. | Jan 03, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Getty - Biography of �douard Manet. | Aug 12, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Edouard Manet. | Aug 12, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: Guggenheim - Biography of �douard Manet. | Aug 12, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: Art UK - Biography of �douard Manet. | Aug 12, 2014 | ||
| Added photograph. | May 22, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Olga's Gallery - Biography of Edouard Manet. | Jan 25, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Metropolitan Museum of Art - �douard Manet (1832�1883). | Jan 25, 2013 | ||
| Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Entertainment - Paintings by Edouard Manet. | Feb 17, 2009 | ||
| Added new Web site: National Gallery of Art - The Railway. | Oct 30, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: National Gallery of Art - Edouard Manet. | Oct 17, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Olga's Gallery - Edouard Manet. | Jun 19, 2006 | ||
| Article revised. | Mar 16, 2001 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | May 04, 1999 |