Douglas McGregor
American sociologist
Quick Summary
Douglas McGregor was an American management theorist who challenged traditional assumptions about worker motivation and behavior. He proposed two contrasting theories:
- Theory X: This view assumes workers are inherently lazy, untrustworthy, and unmotivated. Management's role is to control them through strict rules, discipline, and fear.
- Theory Y: This perspective suggests workers are motivated and capable of contributing to organizational goals if given opportunities for participation in decision-making.
McGregor's work, particularly in his book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960), significantly influenced the development of "participative management," where employees are involved in problem-solving and decision-making processes.1
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