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Calvert Vaux was a British-born architect who collaborated with Frederick Law Olmsted on several significant American landscape projects. Together, they won the competition to design Central Park in New York City, beginning their influential partnership in 1857. Vaux also partnered with American landscape designer Andrew Jackson Downing, and they worked on estates in New York's Hudson River valley and Long Island. Following Downing's death, Vaux continued to work on projects, including plans for Niagara Falls that helped preserve the area as a public park.12

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