Bob Baffert

Bob Baffert (born January 13, 1953, Nogales, Arizona, U.S.) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer who is one of the most successful trainers in American horse-racing history. He notably trained American Pharoah and Justify, both of which won the Triple Crown (victories in the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes), and he is tied for the most Kentucky Derby wins (six).

In 2021 Medina Spirit won the Kentucky Derby, which would have been a record-setting seventh win for Baffert. However, the horse was later stripped of the title after testing positive for a banned substance. In 2022 Baffert, who has long faced allegations of cheating, was banned from the Kentucky Derby for three years. He returned to the race in 2025, with the horse Citizen Bull, which finished in 15th place.

Early life

Baffert grew up on his parents’ cattle ranch in Arizona. In his teens he raced as a Quarter Horse jockey, began his training career, and studied animal sciences at the University of Arizona. He eventually moved to southern California and trained four champion Quarter Horses. He made his first Thoroughbred auction purchase with Thirty Slews in 1988. Thirty Slews went on to win the 1992 Breeders’ Cup Sprint.

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American Pharoah and Justify

Baffert’s first Triple Crown race came in 1996, when Cavonnier finished second by a nose in the Kentucky Derby. Baffert became the first trainer ever to win the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness in consecutive years (1997 and 1998), with Silver Charm and Real Quiet, respectively. In 2001 his horse Point Given took the Preakness and the Belmont after a disappointing fifth-place finish in the Kentucky Derby. The following year he guided War Emblem to wins in the first two Triple Crown races before again facing disappointment at the Belmont. After he conditioned War Emblem, Baffert did not train another winning horse in any of the Triple Crown races until Lookin at Lucky captured the 2010 Preakness. In 2015 American Pharoah charged to solid victories in the Kentucky Derby (by a length), the Preakness Stakes (by 7 lengths in rain and mud), and the Belmont Stakes (by 5 1/2 lengths) in Baffert’s fourth attempt at the Triple Crown, becoming the 12th American Triple Crown winner and the first since Affirmed in 1978. In 2018 Baffert had another Triple Crown winner when Justify won the Kentucky Derby (by 2 1/2 lengths), the Preakness Stakes (by 1/2 length), and the Belmont Stakes (by 1 3/4 lengths); the first two races were run in rain and mud. Baffert became just the second trainer (after Sunny Jim Fitzsimmons) to win the Triple Crown twice. In addition, he surpassed D. Wayne Lukas for most Triple Crown race wins (15).

Cheating allegations and suspension

With Authentic’s win at the Kentucky Derby in 2020, Baffert registered his sixth victory in the race, tying the record held by Ben Jones. However, this came as Baffert faced growing allegations of cheating. Over the course of his career, nearly 50 of his horses had tested positive for banned substances, and, at the time of his record-tying win, he was serving a suspension by the Arkansas Racing Commission. He apologized and stated that he “want[ed] to have a positive influence on the sport of horse racing.” In 2021 Baffert made history as Medina Spirit took first place at the Kentucky Derby, giving him an unprecedented seventh victory. However, the horse later tested positive for a banned substance, and Churchill Downs, which owns and operates the racetrack, barred Baffert from competing in the race for two years. The New York Racing Association also issued a temporary ban, causing him to miss the 2021 Belmont Stakes; a federal court later overturned the suspension. In February 2022 the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission disqualified Medina Spirit from the previous year’s Kentucky Derby and suspended Baffert for 90 days.

In 2023 Churchill Downs extended its ban, saying, “Mr. Baffert continues to peddle a false narrative concerning the failed drug test of Medina Spirit…his ongoing conduct reveals his continued disregard for the rules and regulations that ensure horse and jockey safety.” The following year Baffert released a statement in which he took responsibility for Medina Spirit’s positive test results. Later that same day, Churchill Downs lifted his suspension.

Later races and honors

During this time, Baffert continued to enter horses in other races. In 2023 he won his eighth Preakness, with National Treasure. Baffert returned to the Kentucky Derby in 2025. He initially had two horses, Rodriguez and Citizen Bull, entered in the race. However, Rodriguez, one of the favorites, was scratched several days before the event due to a bruised foot. Citizen Bull finished in 15th place.

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Baffert won the Eclipse Award for Outstanding Trainer for three straight years (1997–99) and helped 11 horses to the title of Horse of the Year in their respective divisions. He was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 2009.