- Also called:
- Phumiphon Adunlayadet or Rama IX
- Born:
- December 5, 1927, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.
- Died:
- October 13, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand (aged 88)
- Title / Office:
- king (1946-), Thailand
- House / Dynasty:
- Chakkri dynasty
- Notable Family Members:
- son Vajiralongkorn
- brother Ananda Mahidol
Bhumibol Adulyadej
-
Who was Bhumibol Adulyadej?
Bhumibol Adulyadej (1927–2016) was the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty, reigning in Thailand from 1950 to 2016. He was Thailand's longest-serving monarch. Although the absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand during the reign of King Prajadhipok, Bhumibol served as a living symbol and a focus of unity for the Thai nation. He played a crucial role in mediating political crises, such as the 1973 protests against the dictatorships and the 1992 military junta.
Bhumibol enjoyed immense popularity and led an active ceremonial life. In 2006, he received the UN's first Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award. His designated heir was his son, Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn, who was proclaimed king in December 2016.
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When did Bhumibol Adulyadej become king of Thailand?
Bhumibol Adulyadej, also known as Rama IX, became the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty on June 9, 1946, following the death of his brother, Ananda Mahidol. He was formally crowned on May 5, 1950. Bhumibol reigned from 1946 to 2016, making him the longest-serving monarch in Thailand's history. Although the absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand in 1932, King Bhumibol served as a symbol of unity for the Thai nation and played a crucial role in mediating political crises.
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How long did Bhumibol Adulyadej rule Thailand?
Bhumibol Adulyadej, also known as Rama IX, was the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty of Thailand, reigning from 1950 to 2016. Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he ascended to the throne after the mysterious death of his brother, Ananda Mahidol. Although the absolute monarchy was abolished in 1932, Bhumibol served as a symbol of unity for the Thai nation. His reign of 66 years was the longest of any Thai monarch. Bhumibol died on October 13, 2016.
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What was Bhumibol Adulyadej known for during his reign?
Bhumibol Adulyadej, also known as Rama IX, reigned as the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty from 1946 to 2016 and was Thailand's longest-serving monarch. Though a constitutional monarch with limited political power, Bhumibol served as a symbol of unity for the Thai nation and was greatly admired by his people.
Bhumibol Adulyadej played a crucial role in mediating political crises, such as the 1973 protests against the dictatorial rule of Generals Thanom Kittikachorn and Praphas Charusathien, persuading the generals to relinquish power. Similarly, in 1992, he intervened during mass protests against the military junta, leading to the prime minister's resignation and the installation of a caretaker government.
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How did Bhumibol Adulyadej impact the people of Thailand?
Bhumibol Adulyadej, the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty, reigned in Thailand from 1950 to 2016 and was the country's longest-serving monarch. Although the absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand during the reign of King Prajadhipok, Bhumibol served as a living symbol and a focus of unity for the Thai nation.
As monarch, Bhumibol enjoyed immense popularity and played a crucial role in mediating political crises. In 1973, he persuaded military generals to give up power after they brutally suppressed protests. Similarly, in 1992, he intervened to end violence after a military junta toppled the Thai government. Bhumibol's most important function was to serve as a living symbol of and a focus of unity for the Thai nation.
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What are some important projects or initiatives started by Bhumibol Adulyadej?
Bhumibol Adulyadej, the ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty, reigned in Thailand from 1950 to 2016. Although the absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand during the reign of King Prajadhipok, King Bhumibol served as a living symbol and a focus of unity for the Thai nation.
Despite his limited governmental powers, Bhumibol played a crucial role in mediating political crises, such as the 1973 protests against the dictatorships of Generals Thanom Kittikachorn and Praphas Charusathien, where he persuaded the generals to give up power. In 1992, he intervened again after a military junta toppled the Thai government, calling for an end to violence and prompting the prime minister's resignation.
In June 2006, national celebrations were held in Thailand to mark the 60th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s ascent to the throne. Days before the Diamond Jubilee began, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan presented the UN’s first Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award to Bhumibol at a ceremony in Bangkok.
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Bhumibol Adulyadej (born December 5, 1927, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.—died October 13, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand) ninth king of the Chakkri dynasty (1950–2016), which has ruled or reigned in Thailand from 1782, and Thailand’s longest-serving monarch.
He was a grandson of King Chulalongkorn and was born while his father, Prince Mahidol of Songkhla, was studying at Harvard University. His older brother, Ananda Mahidol, became king in 1935, but on June 9, 1946, Ananda was found dead in his bed of a gunshot wound. Bhumibol immediately succeeded to the throne following Ananda’s mysterious death (the circumstances of which were never explained). He married a distant cousin, Sirikit Kitiyakara, in April 1950 and was formally crowned on May 5, 1950.
The absolute monarchy was abolished in Thailand during the reign of King Prajadhipok as a result of the revolution of 1932. King Bhumibol, therefore, wielded little real political power, although the constitution named him as head of state and commander of the armed forces. His most important function was to serve as a living symbol of and a focus of unity for the Thai nation.
As monarch, Bhumibol enjoyed immense popularity. He led an active ceremonial life and, despite his limited governmental powers, on several occasions played a crucial role in mediations that either resolved or helped to avoid political crisis. One of those instances came in 1973 when popular protests against the dictatorships of Generals Thanom Kittikachorn and Praphas Charusathien were brutally suppressed by the military, and many demonstrators died. Bhumibol responded by persuading the generals to give up power. In 1992, after a military junta had toppled the Thai government and army chief Suchinda Kraprayoon assumed the prime ministership, mass protests again ensued and again were met with violence. Bhumibol intervened, summoning Suchinda and opposition leader Chamlong Srimuang to a televised meeting, during which the king called for the violence to end. Suchinda subsequently resigned, and a caretaker government was installed until new elections could be held.
National celebrations were held in Thailand in June 2006 to mark the 60th anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s ascent to the throne. Days before the Diamond Jubilee began, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan presented the UN’s first Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award to Bhumibol at a ceremony in Bangkok.
In September 2006 Bhumibol faced a new crisis after opposition parties boycotted elections called by the prime minister, Thaksin Shinawatra. The Constitutional Court invalidated the results, and on September 19, before new elections could be held, the Thai military engineered a coup while Thaksin was out of the country. It was widely assumed that Thaksin had fallen out of favour with Bhumibol, who quickly endorsed the coup leader and gave royal assent to an interim prime minister’s cabinet.
Concerns about the king’s health began to mount in September 2009 after he was hospitalized for pneumonia. In May 2014 he endorsed the military government that took power after the ouster of Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra, but by this time his public appearances had become far less frequent. Bhumibol’s designated heir to the throne was his only son, Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn. Vajiralongkorn was proclaimed king on December 1, 2016, more than a month after his father’s death, but his official coronation was not scheduled to take place until after Bhumibol’s cremation on October 26, 2017.
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