Quick Facts
Original name:
Keith Gordon Ham
Also known as:
Kirtanananda Swami
Born:
September 6, 1937, Peekskill, New York, U.S.
Died:
October 24, 2011, Thane, India (aged 74)
Britannica AI Icon
Adding us as a Preferred Source tells Google you trust our content, so our articles show up more often in your Google Search, Discover feed, and AI Overviews.
verifiedCite
While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.
Select Citation Style
Feedback
Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).
Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

Bhaktipada (born September 6, 1937, Peekskill, New York, U.S.—died October 24, 2011, Thane, India) was an American religious leader who was one of the leaders of the American branches of the Hare Krishna movement before a criminal investigation resulted in his expulsion and subsequent imprisonment.

Ham was raised a Baptist. He earned a B.A. (1959) from Maryville College, Maryville, Tennessee, but he failed to complete a graduate degree from Columbia University, New York City. In 1966 he joined the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON; popularly known as the Hare Krishnas) soon after meeting its founder, A.C. Bhaktivedanta (Swami Prabhupada). The following year Ham was initiated as Kirtanananda Swami. He later assumed the name Bhaktipada.

In 1968 he, along with his friend and fellow devotee Hayagriva (Howard Wheeler), leased land in West Virginia and founded New Vrindaban, a lavish temple complex and “spiritual theme park.” Bhaktipada was later reprimanded by ISKCON for having made liturgical innovations in order to appeal to an American audience. He introduced into prayer services Western-style music and instrumentation and used English in place of Sanskrit. Allegations of sexual molestation and a federal investigation for mail fraud, racketeering, and conspiracy to murder two devotees resulted in his expulsion from ISKCON in 1987. In 1996 Bhaktipada accepted a plea deal on federal racketeering charges; he ultimately served eight years in prison.

Discover the fascinating events that shaped the world, straight from our editors.
By clicking “Sign Up”, you consent to the Britannica Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.