Alexander I
Alexander I, portrait by Domenico Scotti, 1883.
Alexander I
emperor of Russia
Also known as: Aleksandr Pavlovich
Alexander I (born December 23 [December 12, Old Style], 1777, St. Petersburg, Russiaβdied December 1 [November 19], 1825, Taganrog) was the emperor of Russia (1801β25), who alternately fought and befriended Napoleon I during the Napoleonic Wars but who ultimately (1813β15) helped form the coalition that defeated the emperor of the French. He took part in the Congress of Vienna (1814β15), drove for the establishment of the Holy Alliance (1815), and took part in the conferences...