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Sgraffito is an art technique, originating from the Italian word for "scratched," used in painting, pottery, and glass. It involves applying a preliminary surface, covering it with another layer, and then scratching through the top layer to reveal the color beneath.12

In pottery, this means scratching through a colored slip to expose the underlying clay body. Sgraffito ware was notably produced by Islamic potters and became widespread in the Middle East. It was also a feature of 18th-century English stoneware and was made by German settlers in colonial America. This technique was also used in fresco painting, where layers of colored plaster were scratched to reveal underlying hues, and in stained glass, where colored glass was scratched to show clear glass.13

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